听力正常人与聋人短时记忆的比较研究  

STUDY ON THE COMPARISON OF SHORT-TERM MEMORY IN NORMAL HEARING AND DEAF PEOPLE

作　　者：王乃怡[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《心理学报》1993年第1期9-16,共8页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：以视觉系列呈现,自由回忆的方法比较了听力正常人与聋人对分别被强化的厂类相似性汉语字表的短时记忆获得量。从总的平均获得量来看,两组结果没有显著差异,而从每一编码维量在短时记忆的加工过程中的作用来看,两组被试都显示出了形、义两维编码维量的作用最强,而音码的作用相对比较弱。两组被试也都显示出了明显的系列位置效应,但聋人组的次级记忆容量明显地低于听力正常组,而初级记忆容量两组没有显著差异。并对可能的机制进行了讨论。Using visually serial presentation and the method of immediate free recall,the acquisition of short-term memory in normal hearing and deaf peoplefor seven types of similar Chinese lists intensified respectively were compared.In general, the total average scores of the seven lists showed no significantdifferences in the two groups, but in terms of the effects of every coded di-mensions in short-term memory processing, both groups showed that the ef-fects of the formal and sementic code were most intense and the effects of thephonetic code was relatively weaker. The two groups also showed similarlyserialposition effect, but the capacity of the secondary memory in deaf pe-ople was obviously less than that of the normal hearing group, however, thecapacity of primary memory showed nonsignificant differences in both groups.The possible mechanisms were also discussed.

关 键 词：短时记忆 听力正常人 聋人 记忆 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]