从Noam Chomsky论语用学的性质看语用学  

From Chomsky's View on the Nature of Pragmatics

作　　者：于国栋[1] 吴亚欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学英文学院,博51042098

出　　处：《现代外语》2000年第3期323-328,共6页Modern Foreign Languages

摘　　要：形式主义语言学和功能主义语言学之间的关系问题长期以来一直都是语言学界的一个热门话题。对于语言学研究中的这两大流派我们究竟应该采取一种什么态度是一个举足轻重的问题。这是每一个语言工作者都应该考虑的问题。在本文中,我们首先将Brigitte Stemmer与Noam Chomsky作在线访谈时涉及语用学方面的内客作了综述,以便能够真正获得形式主义语言学的主要代表人物Chomsky关于语用学的观点。然后,在此基础上表达了我们自己对于形式主义语言学和功能主义语言学之间的关系以及语用研究的科学性等方面的观点。最后,我们提出了语言学研究的这两大派别应该消除偏见、取长补短、共同合作,从而取得对语言全面、科学的理解。From the Relevance List we obtained the article of 'An On-line Interview with Noam Chomsky: On the nature of pragmatics and related issues', which covers four topics including the influence of contemporary clinical neuropsychological research upon Chomsky's views on language processing, Chomsky's idea of Fodor's module theory and his understanding of communication as a competence or as an action, Chomsky's comment on present neurolinguistics, and his view on the nature of pragmatics. From the above four topics discussed in the interview, we choose the pan on the nature of pragmatics and summarize the main ideas for the readers' objective mastery of Chomsky's original perception of pragmatics and the related themes. Above all he maintains that pragmatics should be included as a central and crucial component in any theory of linguistic competence that aims to be comprehensive. At the same time he supports the ideas of postulating a neuro aspect of pragmatics. As is recognized that we cannot arrive at a comprehensive and scientific understanding of language and linguistics without a mastery of both the formal and functional aspect of linguistic research, thus it is a natural consequence to include pragmatics into linguistics. For a long time pragmatics has been belittled by some scholars as a non-scientific discipline, but what we want to argue is that pragmatics is a scientific study in terms of people's understanding of 'science' and 'being scientific'. We cannot equal 'being scientific' to 'being formal and computational ', for the potential to be formalized and computed is only one manifestation of 'being scientific'. Furthermore, we hold that the relationship between formal linguistics and functional linguistics should be complementary and cooperative. It takes both formal linguistics and functional linguistics to make a complete linguistics. Because to study language from different angles and with different research methodologies can reveal a certain unique nature of language, which cannot be attaine

关 键 词：形式主义语言学 功能主义语言学 语用学 语言能力 语言学家 NoamChomsky 英语 

分 类 号：H314[语言文字—英语]