模板理论与限制调节理论的比较研究  

EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON BETWEEN TEMPLATE THEORY AND CONSTRAINT ATTUNEMENT HYPOTHESIS

作　　者：杨治良[1] 杜建政[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理系,上海200062 [2]河北师范大学教育科学学院,石家庄050091

出　　处：《心理科学》2002年第2期148-151,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：直接针对专家记忆优势效应的理论主要有两个,模板理论和限制调节理论。模板理论认为,专家记忆优势效应是由于专家将许多模板存储于长时记忆中;而限制调节理论认为,专家记忆优势效应是由于专家能够抽取与目标关联的限制来建构刺激物。文章以中国象棋为实验材料,对两个理论进行了比较,实验结果否定了限制调节理论。There are two theories applied to explain the large effects of domain expertise on memory recall observed in a number of task domains. The template theory postulates that expertise effects in memory recall depend in large part upon a vest, organized long-term memory of specific information about patterns. The constraint attunement hypothesis predicts tha there will be a memory expertise advantage in case in which experts are attuned to the goal-relevant constraints in the material to be recalled and that the more constraint available, the greater the expertise advantage can be. This present paper, using Chinese chess, experimentally compare the two theories. The result denies the constraint attunement hypothesis.

关 键 词：优势 理论 专家 中国象棋 实验材料 建构 长时记忆 效应 限制 目标 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] G891.2[哲学宗教—心理学]