中美成人基本认知能力的年龄差异  

Age Differences In Primary Mental Abilities In China And USA

作　　者：乐国安[1] 陈世平[2] R.Dutta K.W.Schaie 

机构地区：[1]南开大学心理学研究中心,天津300071 [2]天津师范大学教育科学学院,天津300073 [3]Depart of Human Development and Familystudies

出　　处：《心理学探新》2002年第1期33-37,共5页Psychological Exploration

摘　　要：为了研究中美成人基本认知能力的年龄差异 ,采用西亚图纵向研究模型的方法对中美被试 5种基本认知能力进行测量。结果发现 ,不同文化下 5种能力的成绩存在显著的年龄差异。并且这种差异不能完全用教育上的差异来解释。年龄较大被试在所有基本能力测验上成绩较低。男性被试在归纳推理、空间和数字能力上成绩较好 ,女性被试在语义和词语流畅性测验上成绩较好。The present research used SLS model to study the age differences in five primary mental abilities in China and USA. It was found that there were significant age differences in the five abilities across cultures. And the differences could not be totally explained by the differences in the education. Older subjects got lower scores in all the primary ability tests. Male subjects showed better scores in reasoning, space and number abilities; female subjects showed better scores in verbal and word fluency tests. The study showed that the factors of culture environment and history etc. had certain effect on adults' cognitive development.

关 键 词：成绩 认知能力 年龄差异 基本能力 测验 流畅性 教育 被试 语流 语义 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] H319[哲学宗教—心理学]