不同理解能力的个体在词汇加工中的抑制机制  

THE INHIBITION MECHANISM OF DIFFERENT SKILLED LANGUAGE COMPREHENDERS IN SELF PACED LEXICAL PROCESSING

作　　者：杨丽霞[1] 陈永明[1] 周治金[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《心理学报》2001年第4期294-299,共6页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (项目号为 39330 0 2 4和 39970 2 5 5 )

摘　　要：该研究根据多媒语言理解测试 ,筛选出汉语综合语言理解能力高、低不同的两组被试 ,通过两个实验 ,以自控速移动窗口阅读与选择性再认相结合的实验范式 ,考察了两组被试在理解加工汉语双字词的过程中抑制外在干扰信息的能力。结果表明 :( 1)干扰材料的性质影响抑制机制的效率 ;( 2 )语言理解能力不同的个体在抑制机制上存在差异 ;( 3 )在干扰强度不同的条件下 。The main purpose of this investigation was to examine the inhibition mechanism of skilled and less skilled Chinese language comprehenders. Based on Multi Media Language Comprehension Test (MMLCT), two groups of first year university students were selected as subjects. They were classified into two groups, more and less skilled Chinese comprehenders, according to their scores on MMLCT. Two experiments were conducted to examine the inhibition mechanism of the two groups of subjects in processing Chinese two character words. In the experiments, an experimental paradigm of combining self paced Moving Window and selective recognition task was used. A new method of externally inserting language distractors under self paced reading condition was also used. The inhibition mechanism was examined from two different dimensions of distractors in the two experiments. In the first experiment, the meaningful two character words and meaningless two character non words were used as distractors to examine the effect of the meaningfulness of distractors on inhibition mechanism. This was from a lower level of meaningfulness dimension. In the second experiment, the effect of semantic relevance of distractors to target items on the inhibition mechanism was examined. Semantic relevant and irrelevant two character words were used as the distractors. This was from a higher level of meaningfulness dimension. The results showed: (1) Inhibition mechanism was affected by the properties of distractors, such as meaningfulness and semantic relevance to target words. The more meaningful and semantic relevant the distractors are, the more difficult they will be inhibited. (2) The different skilled comprehenders were also different in the efficiency to inhibit external distractors. Less skilled comprehenders had less efficient inhibition mechanism. (3) The benefit effect of self paced paradigm on the inhibition mechanism of less skilled comprehenders decreased with distractive intensity. It could be concluded that at Chinese lexical

关 键 词：语言理解能力 抑制机制 自控速 词汇加工 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]