不同冲击力作用下人体动力学响应特性研究  

A study on Properties of Human Dynamic Response to Various Levels of Impact

作　　者：汪芳子[1] 由广兴[1] 崔建[1] 姜俊成[1] 范景连[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航天医学工程研究所

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》1994年第4期266-272,共7页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：为研究人体的冲击动态响应特性，６位受试者以坐姿承受垂直位冲击实验。冲击加速度为３Ｇ、５Ｇ、１０Ｇ左右。１１只猴各承受了１～５０Ｇ连续冲击。测试了受试对象多个部位的响应。人及猴响应的加速度峰值与座椅加速度峰值基本上呈正相关关系。由于不同部位主共振峰一致，表明人体是以整体对冲击响应的，冲击Ｇ值的大小影响人体频响特性。随着冲击Ｇ值的增加，人体的共振频率左移，第二峰的峰值随着增高，１０Ｇ时基本上融合为一个共振峰，致使主共振频率的峰值右移，显示出非线性。该规律与作者的振动研究结果一致。结果提示对于非线性系统可分段线性化逼近，可分别用不同的单自由度线性模型估计人体的动态响应。文中还讨论了冲击动态响应研究的方法学问题。In order to investigate human dynamic response to impact , six subjects wereexposed to vertical impact in sitting position. Levels of impact were about 3,5 , and 10G. Each subject was exposed to four impacts in each level of G within an interval ofabout half an hour.11 monkeys were subjected to 1～50G impacts. Each monkey sus-tained 16～24 blows within about an hour. The acceleration of impact carriage ,the seat,anddifferent parts of the human and monkey bodies were measured. Positive correlation were found between peak accelerations of the seat and corresponding peak responses of thehuman and the monkey bodies.The transfer function indicated that human body respondsto impact as a whole ,and the response frequency is affected by the level of impact.Hu-man resonance frequency decreased with the increase of impact G , but the amplitudes ofthe second peak increased ,and the frequency band became wider.Such results were simi-1ar to human vibration responses. Human responses to both impact and vibration seemlike a nonlinear spring system ,and it also seems that a nonlinear equation is more suitablefor such a system. In general ,a nonlinear system may be approached by sectional lin-earization. Basing on that the rule of response of human body is clear and that there aredifferent main peaks in response to vibration and impact ,the use of different one-degree-of-freedom linear models for predictng human responses is recommended.Methodologyof study on dynamic response to impact was also discussed.

关 键 词：人体 冲击负荷 振动 动态响应 非线性 

分 类 号：R852.21[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]