大学生不健全人格的内隐观结构及特征  

Structure and characteristics of the implicit view of unsound personality in undergraduates

作　　者：李祚山[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南师范大学心理学院

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第12期97-99,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

基　　金：全国教育科学"十五"规划重点课题(批准号DBA010161);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(批准号02JAZJDXLX001)"学生健全人格养

摘　　要：目的:探讨大学生不健全人格特征的内隐观的特征及结构,并分析其影响因素。方法:对2003-09/2003-12随机抽取的重庆师范大学和重庆大学100名大学生进行开放式问卷调查的基础上,编制成《大学生不健全人格特征的内隐观调查问卷》,对重庆市8所高校的398名学生进行问卷调查。结果:30项大学生不健全人格特征的平均分,最低分为2.81,最高分为3.39;标准差分布为1.03～1.67;因素分析得到的5个因子:道德品质及行为问题、情绪问题、意志问题、个人中心和适应能力问题的贡献率分别为:43.686%,6.579%,4.753%,4.753%和3.458%;其平均数和标准差分别为3.06±1.07,3.12±0.89,3.07±0.89,3.18±0.91和2.96±0.85;各题项的因素负荷值在0.381～0.848之间。结论:大学生认为人格不健全的学生主要表现在道德品质及行为问题、情绪问题、意志问题、个人中心和适应能力问题等5个方面;大学生认为不健全人格特征中较严重的是道德品质差、自私、虚伪、虚荣、不尊重人、心理承受能力差、心胸狭隘、自大、无责任心。判断一致的特征是多疑、缺乏勇气、意志不坚定、情绪不稳定、冷漠、自卑、心理承受能力差、依赖性强、个人主义和虚伪;性别、年级和年级与性别的交互作用因素对不健全人格特征的内隐观影响不显著。AIM:To probe into the characteristics and structure as well as the influencing factors of the implicit view of unsound personality in undergraduates. METHODS:On the basis of an open questionnaire investigation to 100 undergradua tes, who were randomly selected from Chongqing Normal University and Chongqing U niversity from September to December 2003,the implicit view of unsound personali ty in undergraduates survey questionnaire was designed,and 398 undergraduates in 8 universities of Chongqing city were surveyed. RESULTS:In the 30 item unsound personality characteristics,the averages range d from 2.81 to 3.39,and the standard deviation(SD) ranged from 1.03 to 1.67.Five factors,including moral quality and behavioral problem,emotional problem,will p roblem, personal center and adaptive problem,were obtained by factors analysis,a nd their contributive rates were 43.686%,6.579%,4.753%,4.753%and 3.458%resp ectively,the averages and SD were 3.06±1.07,3.12±0.89,3.07±0.89,3.18±0.91 an d 2.96±0.85.The factor loading value of every item was from 0.381 to 0.848. CONCLUSION:The undergraduates consider that a student with unsound personality should have five characteristics,which are moral quality and behavioral problem ,emotional problem,will problem, personal center and adaptive problem.They think that some more serious characteristics of unsound personality were poor moral q uality,selfish,false,vainglory,irrespective others,poor psychological endurance, parochialism,arrogance and sense of irresponsibility.The consistent characterist ics in judgment are distrustful,lack of courage,irresolute will,unsteady emotion ,inhospitality,self humiliation,poor psychological endurance,atrong dependence, individualism and hypocritical.The interactions between gender and grade do not remarkably affect the implicit view of unsound personality in undergraduates.

关 键 词：大学生 不健全人格 内隐观 

分 类 号：R749.91[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]