埃塞俄比亚芥与诸葛菜属间杂种的基因组原位杂交分析  

Genomic Analysis of Intergeneric Hybrids between Brassica carinata and Orychophragmus violaceus by Using in Situ Hybridization

作　　者：朱旺升[1] 徐晶[2] 华玉伟[2,3] 李再云[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院 [2]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院 [3]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,国家油菜武汉改良分中心,武汉430070

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2005年第4期662-667,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金30070413

摘　　要：用幼胚培养方法重新获得的埃塞俄比亚芥BrassicacarinataA.Braun,2n=34与诸葛菜Orychophragmusviolaceus L.O.E.Schulz,2n=24的属间杂种仍为混倍体2n=14～34,2n=34细胞的频率最高;绝大多数花粉母细胞PMCs表现正常的17个二价体配对和17∶17的分离.基因组原位杂交分析结果表明,在所有体细胞和PMCs中不含有整条的诸葛菜染色体,2n=34的体细胞和PMCs中包含了来自黑芥B.nigra L.Koch,2n=16的16条染色体.这些具有完全或部分埃塞俄比亚芥染色体组成的细胞,可能来源于以前提出的杂种细胞在有丝分裂中完全或部分亲本染色体组分开和染色体复制,并伴随诸葛菜染色体的消除.Intergeneric hybrids between Brassica carinata (2n=34, BBCC),regenerated with embryo rescue and Orychophragmus violaceus (L.) O.E. Shchulz (2n=24, OO) were still mixoploids (2n=14～34) of which the ones of 2n=34 occurred most frequently. Most pollen mother cells had 17 bivalents at diakinesis and showed 17∶17 segregation at anaphase Ⅰ. The genomic analysis by in situ hybridization revealed that all the ovary cells and pollen mother cells did not contained any intact chromosomes of Orychophragmus violaceus and the somatic cells and pollen mother cells of 2n=34 carried 16 chromosomes of B. nigra (L.) Koch (2=16). The cells carrying complete and partial genome of Brassica carinata probably originated from the separation and reproduction of complete or partial parental genome of formerly proposed hybrid cells in mitosis in connection with the elimination of Orychophragmus violaceus chromosomes. The results of the study provided the evidences to the phenomenon of parental genome separation.

关 键 词：埃塞俄比亚芥 诸葛菜 黑芥 属间杂种 基因组原位杂交 细胞遗传学 

分 类 号：Q321.3[生物学—遗传学]