成功老龄者听觉词汇学习特征初步研究  

A Preliminary Study on the Characteristics of Auditory Verb Learning among Successful Aging Elderly

作　　者：方芳[1] 吴文源[1] 李春波[1] 张旭[1] 申远[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属同济医院精神医学科,上海200065

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2005年第6期380-382,共3页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30170327)上海联合利华研究与发展基金资助项目(145)

摘　　要：目的:探索成功老龄者的记忆特征。方法:采用中国老年成套神经心理测验中听觉词汇学习测验评估65岁以上社区老人421名,其中成功老龄(SA)组230名,常态老龄(UA)组137名,轻度认知损害(MCI)组54名。结果:(1)控制年龄、性别、教育程度后,SA 与MCI、UA 与MCI 组间即刻记忆、延迟回忆保持率、倒摄抑制有显著性差异(P<0.01);但三组间学习效应指数、前摄抑制无显著性差异。(2)对三组间七次回忆正确数进行重复测量协方差分析:SA 与UA 组组别及时间与组别交互作用均无显著性差异,但时间*组别变化趋势有显著性差异(P<0.05)。SA 与MCI、UA 与MCI 比较,组别及时间与组别交互作用、变化趋势均有显著性差异(P<0. 05)。结论:(1)延迟回忆可能是鉴别SA 较敏感的指标。(2)UA、MCI 仍具一定的学习能力,为进行成功老龄化干预提供了相关理论依据。Objective:To investigate the memory characteristics among successful aging elderly.Methods: 421 community elderly who aged 65 years or over were interviewed,among which there were 230 in successful aging (SA)group,137 in usual aging(UA)group,54 in mild cognitive impairment(MCI)group.All were assessed by Auditory Verb Learning Test(AVLT),a part of Neuropsychological Test Battery for Elderly(NTBE).Results:(1) Controlling age,gender and educational level,some items of AVLT,such as the immediate recall,delayed recall probability and retroactive interference effect had significant difference between SA and MCI groups,the same as between UA and MCI groups(P<0.01).But the proactive interference effect and learning efficiency have no significant difference among three groups.(2)Using covariance analysis of repeated measures data on right recall numbers of the seven auditory verb recalls,we found that the difference between SA and UA and the interaction of time and group(time~*group) were not significant,but the dynamic tendency of time~*group had significant difference (P=0.04).Comparing SA and MCI or UA and MCI,there were significant difference between the two groups, time~*group and their changing trend(P<0.05).Conclusion:Delayed verbal recall may be sensitive to the detection of SA elderly.People with UA and MCI still have somewhat learning ability,which provide the theoretical basis of successful aging interventions in future.

关 键 词：老龄者 学习特征 词汇 听觉 老年成套神经心理测验 步研究 显著性差异 轻度认知损害 交互作用 65岁以上 MCI 协方差分析 成功老龄化 社区老人 学习测验 常态老龄 教育程度 倒摄抑制 效应指数 前摄抑制 重复测量 学习能力 

分 类 号：R339.36[医药卫生—人体生理学] R47-4[医药卫生—基础医学]