非独立悬架载重车辆摆振的仿真研究  

A Simulation Study on the Shimmy of Heavy Vehicles with Dependent Suspension

作　　者：李欣业[1] 贺丽娟[2] 董正身[1] 武一民[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学机械工程学院,天津300130 [2]北京理工大学机械与车辆工程学院,北京100084

出　　处：《河北工业大学学报》2005年第3期26-33,共8页Journal of Hebei University of Technology

摘　　要：利用数值仿真方法对解放CA10型载重汽车改装的油罐车的前轮摆振进行分析时,考虑了悬挂以上结构的影响,建立了一个五自由度的模型.研究表明,横拉杆刚度、转向机刚度、转向机阻尼、绕主销当量阻尼、轮胎侧偏刚度、轮胎拖距及主销后倾角等参数对受迫型摆振的影响存在一个敏感范围.在某一确定的车速下,上述参数在敏感范围内会引起系统产生负阻尼,从而诱发自激型摆振.结构参数与车速满足使系统出现负阻尼时,再考虑车轮不平衡质量的情况,可称之为耦合型摆振.低速时车轮上的不平衡质量对耦合摆振的影响不大,自激型摆振占主导作用,但较高速时,车轮上的不平衡质量对耦合摆振有显著增幅作用,摆振主要的表现形式是强迫型摆振.This paper presents the numerical simulation of front wheel shimmy for a CA10 tank truck. A mathematical model with five degree of freedom, referring to the influence of the structure above suspension on shimmy, is established. The simulation results show that there exist a sensitive interval where those parameters, including tie-rod stiffness, steering gear stiffness, steering gear damping, equivalent damping of wheel around kingpin, tire cornering stiffness, tire drag and kingpin caster angle, etc, have great influences on forced shimmy. At a certain speed, the above parameters may make the system form negative damping and lead to self-excited shimmy. The coupling shimmy occurs when the system proper structure parameters and speed make the system form negative damping and there is unbalance on the front wheels. The unbalance on the front wheels has small influence on the coupling shimmy and self-excited shimmy is great at low speeds. However, it increases the amplitudes of coupling shimmy remarkably and forced shimmy is great at high speeds.

关 键 词：车辆动力学 转向系统 悬置 前轮摆振 数值仿真 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]