利用小麦Tal基因进行株粒重、株穗数和株高群体改良的研究  

Effects of Population Improvement on Grain Weight Per Plant and Ears Per Plant as Well as Plant Height by Using Tal Gene in Wheat

作　　者：孙芳华[1] 陈新民[1] 曾启明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》1994年第3期282-289,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

摘　　要：利用太谷显性核不育基因,开展小麦株粒重、株穗数和株高三个性状的轮回选择,研究群体改良的效果.经四轮选择看出:(1)株粒重增加8.25g,平均每轮增加2.06g;株穗数增加5.25个,平均每轮增加1.31个;株高降低8.82cm,平均每轮降低2.21cm.三个性状的论间差异显著.(2)随轮选次数的递增,群体平均值朝着附合育种目标方向发展.(3)从C_0到C_4株粒重高于25g、株穗数20个以上,株高在95Cm以下的优株逐轮增多.作者认为:组群亲本类型相似但在目标性状上有所差异时,采用混合选择法进行群体改良的效果仍很明显;从育种角度出发.按目标性状进行综合选择比单个性状选择更切合实用.The dominant male sterile gene Tal waa used for recurrent selection on grain weight/plant, ears/ plant, and plant height in wheat to investigate the effects of population improvement. Four cycles of selection indicated: 1. From Co to C4, 8. 25g were achieved for grain weight/plant (2. 06g for per cycle); 5. 25 were increased for ears/plant (1.31 for per cycle); 8. 82cm were reduced for plant height (2. 21cm for per cycle). 2. As the increment of cycles, the average value of population to-wards the need of breeding . 3. The excellent plants below 95cm, over 20 ears and 25g were increased from Co to C4. This investigation showed that marked effect on improving average value of population for selected characters will be achieved by mass recurrent selection if the parents made crosses for Co have similar phenotype, except their objective characters are difference. From the point of breeding, the effect of integrated character selection according to breeding objective is more practical than that of single character selection.

关 键 词：小麦 TAL基因 群体改良 

分 类 号：S512.103[农业科学—作物学]