汽车保险杠碰撞的数值模拟  

Crash simulation for car bumper

作　　者：葛如海[1] 王群山[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第4期308-311,共4页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目(03KJB580024)

摘　　要：根据保险杠低速碰撞试验规范的要求,应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件进行汽车保险杠碰撞数值模拟仿真,得到变形、速度、加速度、碰撞力等特征参数,低速碰撞仿真中获得的这些参数可以作为保险杠结构设计的参考依据.利用台车进行保险杠的低速碰撞试验,对仿真结果与试验结果之间存在的误差进行分析,仿真和试验结果都表明简易型保险杠在低速碰撞过程不能充分发挥其缓冲吸能作用并且发生压溃失效,而改进设计后的缓冲吸能式保险杠具有较好的吸能特性和耐撞性能,在发生低速碰撞冲击时能很好地起到保护汽车其他元件的作用.According to the bumper-crashing testing regulation, the crash simulation of car bumpers was taken by an explicit dynamic FEM analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The response characteristics for deformation, velocity, acceleration and crash force were obtained. The characteristics may be used as reference in bumper designing. Discrepancies between test and simulation were analyzed. The results of test and simulation show that the simple bumper can not absorb adequately impact kinetic energy and invalidation for plastic yield occurs. The energy-absorbing bumper has higher energy absorbing ability and possesses good crashworthiness, and can effectively protect other components of automobile when contact and small shock happen.

关 键 词：汽车 保险杠 低速碰撞 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程]