碳酸氢铵不同施肥方法对春小麦产量和氮素平衡的影响  

EFFECT OF APPLICATION APPROACHES OF AMMONIUM BICARBONATE ON YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT AND NITROGEN BALANCE

作　　者：温贤芳[1] 潘家荣[1] 郑兴耘[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院原子能利用研究所

出　　处：《核农学报》1995年第3期153-158,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：本研究结果表明，碳酸氢铵对春小麦全层施肥，拔节期、孕穗期各半量深施和拔节期、孕穗期各半量表施，其氮素利用率分别为３３．５０％、３２．３０％和２３．１９％，氮素损失率分别为２２．１２％、２６．９３％和４５．３２％。前两种处理与第３种处理相比，氨素利用率分别提高１０．３１％和９．１１％；氮素损失率分别降低２３．２０％和１８．３９％，均达到显著差异水准。春小麦生物产量和籽粒产量，前两种处理与第３种处理相比，也有显著提高，说明碳的氨铵深施能提高氮素利用率，促进作物增产。在等氮情况下，碳酸氢铵汉层追肥与尿素追肥相比，作物的生物产量和籽粒产量没有显著差异，说明在施用方法适宜的情况下，等氮等效。The results from 15N-tracing experiment showed that at the same rate of nitrogen appli-cation, the nitrogen utilization ammonium bicarbonate was 33.50%,32.30%,and 23.19%respectively and the nitrogen loss rate of ammonium bicarbOnate was 22.12%,26.93%and45.32%respectively for fertilizer mixed thoroughly with soil before sowing, buried Into soiland spread on the surface of soil at both jointing stage(1/2N) and booting stage(1/2N) ofspring wheat. The nitrogen utilization of ammonium bicarbonate for top-application at bothjointing (1/2N)and boothing stage(1/2N)was significantly lower but nitrogen loss rate wassignificantly higher than that of either thorough incorporation with soil or deep applicationat jointing and booting stages. Between the latter treatments there was no significantly dif-ference observed. There was no significant difference in biomass and grain yield or springwheat hetween the former treatment and either of the latter treatments, indicating thatburied into soil or mixed with soil thoroughly as a basal fertilizer was an available approachto increase the nitrogen availability of ammonium bicarbonate and crop yield.It was alsoshown that no signlficant difference in biomass and grain yield of spring wheat between deepapplicatlon or ammonium bicarbonate and top-application of urea at the same rate of N ap-plicatlon.

关 键 词：小麦 碳酸氨铵 施用方法 氮有效性 春小麦 产量 

分 类 号：S512.106.2[农业科学—作物学]