婴幼儿视觉注意习惯化和恢复观察方法的建立  

A methodological study on the habituation and recovery of infants'visual attention

作　　者：季红光[1] 郭迪[1] 陶素蝶[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海第二医科大学新华儿童医院

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》1995年第3期129-132,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

摘　　要：对正常婴幼儿进行６次重复视觉图像信号刺激和一次新鲜图像信号的刺激。在选择了对该年龄段婴儿较为适宜的刺激时程后，我们对所建立的视觉注意的检查方法进行了信度和效度检验。就其信度，两人间测验结果的相关系数为０．９７（Ｐ＜０．０１），间隔３～６月的两次间测验结果的相关系数为０．６２～０．７５（Ｐ＜０．０１）。部分婴儿在注意力测验的同时接受了心电图检查，结果显示：婴儿在注视时心率有明显的变化，心率的变化与注视时间的变化呈负相关趋势，可验证婴儿确实在注意。结合文献报道，可以认为：视觉注意的测验具有较好的可重复性。就其效度，应答降低率和ＢａｙｌｅｙＭＤＩ的相关系数为０．７６（Ｐ＜０．０５）；应答恢复值和ＢａｙｌｅｙＭＤＩ的相关系数为０．７７（Ｐ＜０．０５），显示出注意测验结果和Ｂａｙｌｅｙ量表的较好相关性。Ｄｏｗｎ综合征患儿注意应答行为的发育显著落后于正常婴儿，提示注意力的检查确能区分发育正常与异常的小儿。Infants were exposed to a visual stimulus repeated 6 times and a novel one. After identifying the suitable stimulating time schedule,we examined the reliability and validity of the method we established. The intertester reliability was 0. 97 (P < 0.01) , test-retest reliability was 0. 62 to 0. 75(P<0. 01) in the interval of 3 to 6 months. EKGs were examined in some of the infants as they were given attention test-Infants' heart rate change exhibited a negative trend in relation to fixation time,indicating that the infants did actually pay attention to the visual stimulus. Moreover. the result of attention test corelated well to that of Bayley test score, the relative coefficients between response decrement and Bayley MDI,and between response reoovery and Bayley MDI are 0. 76(P<0.05) and 0. 77 (P < 0. 05 ) respectively. Down's syndrome infants were also given the attention test.Their abnormal response suggests that the attention test might be used to differentiate between the normally and abnormally developed infants.

关 键 词：视觉注意 习惯化 恢复 婴儿 脑功能 唐氏综合征 

分 类 号：R749.940.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]