脑功能磁共振成像及其处理分析技术对神经科学研究的价值  

Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging and the value of its processing and analysis techniques in nerve science

作　　者：聂生东[1] 汪洪志[1] 李雯[1] 武杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学医疗器械学院,上海市200093

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第29期162-165,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的::对近年来脑功能磁共振成像及其处理和分析技术进行了讨论和综述,以阐明图像处理和分析技术在应用脑功能磁共振成像技术进行脑科学研究的重要作用。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline1996-01/2004-12期间与脑功能磁共振成像及其处理和分析技术相关文章,检索词为“功能磁共振成像”和“processingandanalysis,ICA,FCM”,分别组合进行检索,限定文章语言为English。同时利用yahoo搜索引擎进行检索,检索词同上。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取那些有关脑功能磁共振成像及其处理和分析方面的文献。资料提炼:共搜集到35篇英文全文,2篇中文,这些资料在对脑功能磁共振图像的处理和分析方面均具有较新的进展性。资料综合:由于功能磁共振成像在成像原理上有其特殊性,其目的是标记(或映射)对应于大脑在执行特殊任务或受到某种刺激时脑的激活区域。在功能磁共振图像中,功能活动信号表现为微弱信号,难以用肉眼区分出哪些是功能活动区域。因此对功能磁共振成像得到的图像数据的处理和分析的目的是从图像中提取出微弱的功能活动信号,这与一般意义上的图像处理和分析有所不同。将搜集到的35篇英文文献,2篇中文文献按照处理方法是否依赖于刺激时程,把图像处理方法分成假设驱动的方法和数据驱动的方法,并分析和讨论这些方法各自的特点。结论:图像处理分析技术在利用脑功能磁共振成像对神经科学的研究中具有重要的应用价值。图像处理和分析技术在功能磁共振成像实验中占有极其重要的地位,它对于最终脑功能的精确定位是必不可少的关键步骤。OBJECTIVE： In order to illustrate the important effect of image processing and analysis techniques on the studies of brain science using brain functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）. we discussed and reviewed the image processing and analysis techniques for fMRI in recent years. DATA SOURCES： Using the key terms “fMRI” combined with “processing and analysis, ICA. FCM” .we searched the MEDLINE database for the related articles in English between January 1996 and September 2003. Meanwhile. we used Yahoo searehing engine to seareh related articles using the same key terms. STUDY SELECTION： All articles were seleeted firstly,and the articles relevant to processing and analysis of fMRI uere selected. DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 35 English articles and 2 Chinese articles were seleeted. They were all the progressive researeh about processing and analysis of fMRI. DATA SYNTHESIS： Owing tn the specialty of the principle of fMRI, the aim of fMRI is to label nr map the aetivated brain areas induced by stimulation （for example.by motor or eognitinn task）.The activated signal of brain is showed as a weak signal in the fMRI images, and it is difficult to differentiate the activated brain area front the un-activated area by naked eve. So the aim of prneessing and analysis of fMRI images is to extract the weak activated signal from the fMRI time serial images,and it is different from the general image prncessing and analysis.According to whether the processing methods depend on the stimulatiml time course, we divided the all image processing methnds in 35 English and 2 Chinese articles into two kinds：the hypothesis-driven methnds and the data-driven methods, and discussed their eharaeteristics respectively. CONCLUSION： hnage processing and analysis teehnique has an important value in the field of nerve science researeh using fMRI. hnage processing and analysis teehnique has very important status in brain fMRI experiment, and it is absolutely necessary tn brain function localization.

关 键 词：磁共振成像 图像处理 计算机辅助 脑 综述文献 

分 类 号：R743[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]