族裔特性、社会资本与美国华人中文学校——从美国华人中文学校和华裔辅助性教育体系的发展看美国华人移民的社会适应  

族裔特性、社会资本与美国华人中文学校

作　　者：周敏 黎熙元[2] 

机构地区：[1]美国洛杉矶加州大学社会学系 [2]中山大学港澳与珠江三角洲研究中心

出　　处：《世界民族》2005年第4期30-40,共11页Journal of World Peoples Studies

摘　　要：内容提要本文通过对美国华人中文学校和华裔辅助性教育体系的研究,论述族裔特性如何创造社会资本,使族群在一个有利的环境中形成积极的态度、采取有效的策略对抗不利的社会环境,并解释族裔特性以及由此派生的社区力、社会资本对华人移民的社会适应及后代教育的影响方式和溢出效应。本文的重点在于揭示族裔组织对华人移民后代教育的功能,这种功能不但在于推崇教育价值观,还在于使这种价值观得以实现。笔者认为对族裔特性不应只从结构或文化方面去探讨,而应围绕族裔特性、族裔社区的内在因素以及主流社会的结构性因素之间的互动过程和结果去探讨。Through a close examination of Chinese language schools and supplementary education system in the United States, the article illustrates how ethnicity can create social capital and advantageous environment for ethnic groups to form positive attitudes and take effective tactics against unfavorable social circumstances, explains influences and overflow effects ethnicity, community forces and social capital have on social adaptation of Chinese immigrants and their descendants＇s education. The article highlights the function ethnic organizations play in their descendants＇ education, which not only esteems the value of education, but also helps fulfill it. The author holds that ethnicity should not be studied simply in terms of structure or culture, rather the interactive process and result between inherent factors of ethnicity and ethnic communities and structural factors of the mainstream society.

关 键 词：美国 族裔特性 社会资本 社区力 华人移民 社会适应 美国华人 华人移民 中文学校 社会资本 社会适应 教育体系 辅助性 华裔 教育价值观 

分 类 号：D634[政治法律—政治学]