清洁燃料F-T柴油在柴油机中应用的研究  

Study and Development of Fischer-Tropsch(F-T) Diesel Fuel as a Clean Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines

作　　者：黄勇成[1] 周龙保[1] 蒋德明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院汽车工程系,西安710049

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2005年第5期18-23,共6页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50306020)

摘　　要：煤和含碳资源通过F-T合成可以获得十六烷值高、硫和芳香烃含量极低的F-T柴油.综述了F-T柴油的特性及其对排放的影响,并就F-T柴油和常规柴油在柴油机中的燃烧和排放特性进行了比较.与常规柴油相比:F-T柴油的滞燃期缩短了约14%～30%,预混燃烧放热峰值较低,最高燃烧压力略低,法规排放和非法规有毒排放都得到了大幅度降低,其中NOx和PM分别平均降低了13%和26%.因此,F-T柴油是一种优秀的清洁代用燃料.最后指出了F-T柴油在发动机中应用时在润滑性能、低温性能和与浸油弹性体兼容性等方面存在的问题,并探讨了解决途径.Through Fischer-Tropsch （F-T） processes, coal and carbon-bearing feedstocks can be converted to F-T diesel fuel that has high cetane number, very low sulfur and aromatic contents. This review described typical F-T diesel fuel properties, discussed how these fuel properties impact pollutant emissions, and made a comparison related combustion and emission characteristics between F-T diesel fuel and conventional diesel fuels in diesel engines. In comparison with conventional diesel fuels, F-T diesel fuel exhibits an approximately 14%-30% shorter ignition delay, displays a lower maximum premixed burn rate, and has a lower peak in-cylinder pressures. The regulated emissions and unregulated toxic emissions are reduced with F-T diesel fuel. Average NOx reductions are 13% and average PM reductions are 26% compared to conventional diesel fuels. Therefore F-T fuel is an excellent clean alternative fuel for diesel engines. Finally, possibly negative performance attributes of F-T fuel, such as lubricity, low temperature flow properties and elastomer compatibility, were discussed.

关 键 词：内燃机 柴油机 清洁代用燃料 F—T柴油 清洁燃料 应用 排放特性 预混燃烧 十六烷值 燃烧压力 

分 类 号：TK428[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程] X382.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]