野生二粒小麦HMW-GS特异性及其对小麦的可利用性研究  

Variations of High-molecular-weight Glutenin Subunits in Triticum dicoccoides and Its Potential Utilization in Common Wheat

作　　者：于伟丽[1] 李桂江[1] 伍碧华[1] 郑有良[1] 刘登才[1] 颜泽洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川都江堰611830

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2005年第3期253-257,共5页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(39970445);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助(IRT0453);四川省科技厅应用基础项目;四川省教育厅重点项目资助。

摘　　要：对来自以色列的133份野生二粒小麦进行SDS-PAGE检测发现,其高分子谷蛋白亚基具有较高的遗传多样性。在Glu-A1和Glu-B1两个位点共有18种可确定的亚基变异类型,其中,A位点上的亚基1、2和B位点上的亚基7+8与17+18品质评分为3分(出现频率分别为59.4%和12.78%)。同时,出现了在普通小麦中不表达的1Ay亚基和许多普通小麦所稀有或缺乏的特异亚基类型,如1、7+9、17+18、7+8、7+8、7+9、7+8等,而且在22份材料中出现了9种未命名的新亚基类型。比较研究表明,高分子谷蛋白亚基的表达与材料的来源地有关。用具有1Ay亚基的材料与栽培小麦“川农16”杂交,在分离世代F2中检测到了1Ay亚基的存在。据此认为,可望将野生二粒小麦中诸如1Ay的特异高分子量谷蛋白亚基导入栽培小麦,这对拓宽小麦品质遗传基础,改良小麦加工品质具有重要意义。One hundred and thirty-three wild emmer （ Triticum dicoccoides） wheat accessions from Israel were analyzed by SDS- PAGE to detect the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits （HMW-GS） variations. Eighteen known subunits were observed on Glu - A 1 and Glu - B 1. Subunits 1, 2^＊ on Glu -A1 and subunits 7 ＋ 8, 17 ＋ 18 on Glu - B1, which occurred in 79 （59.4%） and 18 （13.5%） accessions respectively, had the quality effect at 3 score. And considerable special subunits, such as 1^＊,7^＊＋9、17＋18、7^＊＋8^＊、7＋8^＊、7＋9^＊、 and 7^＊＋8 which were few or silent in hexaploid wheat, were found in the wild emmers wheat. Especially, 9 subunits, which had not been named, were also observed in 22 accessions. The results suggest that the high level of genetic variations of HMW - GS are in T. dicoccoides. The expression of subunits is to some extent associated with the distribution of T. dicoccoides. And the subunit lAy is detected in the F2 population derived from the cross between wild emmer wheat with lAy and common wheat cultivar Chuan Nong 16, indicating that special HMW- GS of T. dicoccoides like lAy could be transferred into common wheat. It is very important to enrich the genetic basis of quality in common wheat and improve the breadmaking quality of common wheat.

关 键 词：野生二粒小麦 普通小麦 高分子谷蛋白亚基 1Ay 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]