不同氮源对微小亚历山大藻生长和毒素产生的影响  

Effects of four nitrogen substrates on growth and toxin production of Alexandrium minutum(Dinophyceae)

作　　者：张清春[1] 于仁诚[1] 周名江[1] 王云峰[1] 颜天[1] 李钧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室

出　　处：《海洋学报》2005年第6期138-145,共8页

基　　金：国家重点基础研究资助项目(2001CB409704);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40076030);中国科学院知识创新工程资助项目(KZCX2-206);国家科技攻关计划课题资助项目(2001BA804A20)

摘　　要：通过尿素、氯化铵、酵母浸出粉和硝酸钠等氮源对微小亚历山大藻（Alexandrium minutum）生长及毒素产生的影响研究，分析了微小亚历山大藻对不同氮源利用状况的差异．结果表明，在氮饥饿条件下，加入硝酸钠和酵母浸出粉能显著促进微小亚历山大藻的生长；高浓度的氯化铵在加入后对微小亚历山大藻有一定的毒性效应，表现为生长停滞，但毒性效应在5d后消失，并得到与添加硝酸钠及酵母浸出粉相似的增长速率0．21d^-1；添加尿素对微小亚历山大藻的生长没有显著促进作用．在四种氮源中，尿素对微小亚历山大藻毒素产生的刺激作用也最弱，在稳定期每个细胞藻细胞毒素含量维持在6．00～8．00fmol；添加硝酸钠、氯化铵和酵母浸出粉的藻细胞在稳定期毒素含量分别达到11．85，12．86和14．64fmol．硝酸钠和氯化铵刺激藻毒素产生的效果比酵母浸出粉更为直接．四种含氮营养盐对微小亚历山大藻毒素组成的影响都很小．Effects of urea, ammonium chloride, yeast extract and sodium nitrate on growth and toxin production of Alexandriurn minuturn were studied. According to the results,A, rninuturn cultured with different nitrogen substrates showed quite different responses on growth and toxin production characteristics. Addition of sodium nitrate and yeast extract after nitrogen depletion can promote the growth of A. minuturn. High concentration of ammonium chloride at the time of nutrient addition shows toxicity on A. rninuturn. However, the toxic effects disappear after 8 d and algae start to grow at a rate of 0. 21 d^-1 , being similar to that with yeast extract and sodium nitrate. Urea has no obvious effect on the growth of A. rninutum.However, urea can make the algae sustain at a relatively stable concentration compared with the rapid declination of the control group, where no nutrient is added. Addition of all the four nitrogen substrates after nitrogen depletion can promote toxin production in A. minutum. Similarly, the effect of urea is much weaker than the other three nutrients. Urea can make toxin content per cell sustain between 6. 00 and 8. 00 fmol. However, the toxin content per cell in algae with ammonium chloride, yeast extract and sodium nitrate as nitrogen sources can reach 11.85, 12. 86 and 14. 64 fmol at the stable phage. All of the four nutrients have little effects on the toxin composition of A. minutum. In a word, bioavailability of sodium nitrate, ammonium chloride and yeast extract are similar to A. minutum, and that of urea is extremely low compared with the other three substrates.

关 键 词：微小亚历山大藻 麻痹性贝毒 尿素 氯化铵 酵母浸出粉 硝酸钠 生长 

分 类 号：Q949.24[生物学—植物学]