假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)表面活性物质产生与性能  

Production and Capability of Biosurfactant from Pseudomonas sp.

作　　者：麦有斌[1] 尹华[1] 叶锦韶[1] 彭辉[2] 张娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学环境工程系,广州510632 [2]暨南大学化学系,广州510632

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2006年第2期12-13,16,共3页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50278040);广东省科技计划项目(2003C32103)

摘　　要：从广州猎德污水处理厂的二沉池污泥中分离到1株产表面活性剂的细菌,经镜检及一系列生理生化试验,鉴定为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)。试验结果表明,菌株接种培养96h后,培养液可以使汽油层的乳化率达到100%;产表面活性物质的最佳的碳源和氮源分别为葡萄糖和NH4NO3,最大的排油直径均超过100mm;在偏碱性(pH 8￣9)的培养条件下生长良好,培养液的排油活性明显优于中性及酸性条件;盐离子浓度较高时能够生长并且大量产表面活性物质;通气量对培养液的表面活性有较大影响,摇瓶培养比通气培养更有利于保持培养液的表面活性。A surfactant producing strain was screened from sludge of secondary sedimentation tank in a wastewater treatment plant in Guangzhou and identified as Pseudomonas sp. through physiological and biochemical tests and bacterioscopy. After 96h cultivation, its culture can 100% emulsify the petroleum, with optimal C source and N source as glucose and NH4NO3 respectively, and maximal oil displacement diameter over 100mm. The strain grows well in alkalescent substrate, and its oil displacement activity is much stronger than in acidic and neutral conditions. The strain is capable of growing in wide range concentration of different kinds of salt and producing surfactant. Aeration volume has great effects on the surface activity of the strain, and flask shaking cultivation is a better way for keeping the surface activity.

关 键 词：生物表面活性剂 假单胞菌 乳化活性 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]