现代黄河三角洲潮滩原状沉积物冲刷试验  

Erosion experiments on natural sediment from the Modern Yellow River Delta

作　　者：时连强[1] 李九发[1] 应铭[1] 李为华[1] 陈沈良[1] 董平 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点试验室,上海200062 [2]Division of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Dundee

出　　处：《海洋工程》2006年第1期46-54,共9页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础发展研究规划资助项目(2002CB412408)

摘　　要：在海岸防护工程决策中，沉积物的抗冲能力成为需要考虑的重要因素之一。以2004年4月在黄河三角洲北部海岸高潮滩取得的一个30m沉积物柱状样为例，在测定沉积物的结构、颗粒组成、密度、含水率等基础上，进行了分层沉积物的冲刷试验。结果表明，沉积物临界起动切应力与含水率、中值粒径成一定的负相关关系，与粘士含量呈显著正相关关系，同一类型沉积物的临界起动切应力与密度成一定的正相关关系。同时，近表层沉积物抗冲性最差，9．1～13．5m深度存在抗冲性较强的沉积层。沉积物的颗粒组成、结构、密度、含水率等决定了冲刷率与剪应力的变化关系。In coastal protection engineering projects, erosion resistance is one of important factors which should be taken into account. Taking a 30 m sediment core collected from the high tide flat of the northern coast nf the Yellow Rive delta in April 2004 as an example, this paper presents an erosion experiment of layered sediment ＂based on measurements of structure, particle composition, wet density and water content of the sediment. In the study a negative relationship to a certain extent between the critical erosion shear stress and water content or median size and a distinct positive relationship between the critical erosion shear stress and the clay content of the sediment were found. It was also found that there was a positive relationship to a certain extent between the critical erosion shear stress and the wet density of the sediment of the same types. Erosion resistance of sediment near the surface was the worst. At the depth of 9.1～ 13.5 m, there was a sediment layer with stronger erosion resistance. The relationship between erosion rates and shear stress was detemiined by the particle composition, structuro, wet density and water content of the sediment.

关 键 词：现代黄河三角洲 沉积物特性 冲刷试验 临界冲刷切应力 冲刷率 

分 类 号：P574[天文地球—矿物学]