论语言学研究中的分析与综合  

On the analytical vs.synthetic approaches in linguistic research

作　　者：李亚非[1] 

机构地区：[1]威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校语言学系

出　　处：《中国语文》2006年第3期195-205,共11页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：现代语言学研究中采用的主要方法,即本文所说的科学方法,是建立在对事物的分解和分析之上的。"分"是它的核心。科学方法是透彻精确地了解局部现象的必由之路,但是也直接导致了理论研究中的众多分歧、偏见以及浪费资源的学派之争。本文通过考察句法和词法的界面以及连动结构中的语序一时序对应现象,论证单纯强调"分"的弊病,以及适时适度以合纠分的可行性,并由此说明,对立的观点其实很可能是互补的关系。文章旨在提倡在语言学研究中有意识地追求分与合的平衡,使研究活动更有效率。This paper examines the methodology in linguistic research,noting that'divide-and-conquer', though a fruitful and arguably necessary approach to complex problems due to its ability to produce accuracy and detail,is also the culprit for many theoretical debates that are unnecessarily time-and resource-consuming.Via two specific examples,the debates on the syntax-morphology interface and the nature of temporal iconicity,it argues that it is beneficial to the field for the researchers to be truly aware of the limitations of the divide-and-conquer method.It shows that apparently opposing views may in fact be complementary to each other and that the best solution to a long-lasting controversy may simply lie in combining the valid elements of both sides.

关 键 词：词法 语序 使动结构 词汇学派 形式语法 功能语法 动补结构 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]