玉米和羽扇豆、鹰嘴豆间作对作物吸收积累Pb、Cd的影响  

Absorption and accumulation of Pb, Cd by corn, lupin and chickpea in intercropping systems

作　　者：黄益宗[1] 朱永官[1] 胡莹[1] 刘云霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2006年第5期1478-1485,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金资助项目(40225002);中国科学院知识创新工程重大资助项目(KZCX1-SW-19)~~

摘　　要：采用土壤盆栽试验研究玉米、羽扇豆和鹰嘴豆在不同分隔/间作方式下对Pb、Cd吸收积累的影响。试验结果表明,不同分隔/间作方式对玉米、羽扇豆和鹰嘴豆生物量变化有不同的影响。不同分隔/间作方式均显著影响玉米地下部对Pb的吸收,但是不同间作方式对玉米地上部Pb含量影响不大。塑料分隔以及玉米-鹰嘴豆间作可显著减少玉米地下部对Pb的吸收。在玉米单作中,塑料分隔和尼龙网分隔处理的玉米地下部Pb含量分别比不分隔处理时降低41·1%和33·3%。在不分隔处理时,玉米-鹰嘴豆间作的玉米地下部Pb含量仅分别为玉米单作和玉米-羽扇豆间作时的53·9%和63·8%。不同分隔方式对玉米地下部Cd含量影响较大,但是不管是间作还是分隔方式均对玉米地上部Cd含量影响不大。同时,还讨论了不同分隔/间作方式对羽扇豆和鹰嘴豆Pb、Cd含量的影响。作物根际土壤溶液Pb含量随着作物的生长而不断降低,但Cd含量却不断提高。不同分隔/间作方式对作物根际土壤溶液Pb、Cd含量也有一定影响。Owing to several human economic activities （such as application of municipal sewage sludge, atmospheric deposition of Cd, mining activities, application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides）, lead （Pb） and cadmium （Cd） contamination of soils has become more and more serious in China. The effects of different intercropping systems, namely, monoculture of corn （Zea mays var. Tiandan No. 8）, corn/lupin （ Lupinus luteus L. ） and corn/chickpea （ Cicer arietinum L. ） on uptake and accumulation of Pb and Cd by these plants in soils contaminated with heavy metals were investigated in a greenhouse experiment. For intercropping treatments, there were the following separation modes： （1） no separation; （2） separation by a plastic barrier to eliminate root contact and solute movement; and （3） separation by a nylon mesh （30 μm） to prevent root contact but to allow solute exchange. The results showed that there were significant changes in biomass （shoot and root） of different crops under different intercropping and separation modes. The concentrations of Pb in the roots of corn were significantly affected by different intercropping systems and different separation modes, but Pb in the shoot of corn were not significantly different between separation modes. Pb concentrations were lower in the roots of corn cultivated in the compartments separated by plastic barrier or in corn/chickpea intercropping systems. The concentrations of Cd in the shoot of corn were not significantly affected by both separateion modes and different intereropping systems, but there was significant difference in Cd accumulation in the roots of corn between separation modes. The changes in concentrations of Pb and Cd in lupin and chickpea plants under different interempping systems and different separation modes were also discussed. The concentrations of Pb in rhizosphere soil solutions decreased with growth time, but the reverse was true for Cd.Pb and Cd concentrations in rhizosphere soil solutions were als

关 键 词：玉米 羽扇豆 鹰嘴豆 间作 铅 镉 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S513[农业科学—作物学] S529