四川凉山州9种野生蘑菇的重金属含量  

Heavy Metal Content of 9 Wild Mushrooms Growing in Liangshan,Sichuan

作　　者：张丹[1] 高健伟[1] 郑有良[2] 李登煜[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院/水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [2]四川农业大学农学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2006年第3期348-351,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：中国科学院"西部之光";四川省科技攻关项目(04SG023-006-05)资助~~

摘　　要：报道了采集于四川凉山州9种野生蘑菇及相关土壤的重金属Cd、Ph、Zn、Hg和As的含量．结果表明，供试土壤均未检出Hg，3个采集地除会理林家山土壤样品有Cd的检出，另外两个样地土壤未检出Cd．土壤中Ph、Zn和As在干土中的含量分别为52．8064～274．7310mg／kg、18．7475～164．5858mg／kg和3．9709～10．7499mg／kg．野生蘑菇对Cd和Hg具有很强的积累能力，在土壤中没有Cd和Hg检出的情况下，蘑菇中均测出了Cd和Hg，Cd含量高达28．3836mg／kg出现在梭孢环柄菇（Lepita ventriosospora），Hg含量最高为0．8607mg／kg出现在大白菇（Russula delica）．在土壤受Ph污染的情况下，大白菇子实体积累Ph的能力最强，含量为115．9290mg／kg．本次蘑菇样品Zn的含量不高．蘑菇对As的积累与土壤中As含量高低有关，最高含量为喇叭陀螺菌（Gomphus floccosus），为4．0035mg／kg．表明蘑菇对重金属的积累具有种特异性，与环境土壤重金属含量有关．基于蘑菇对重金属的强积累能力，可考虑作为净化重金属污染环境的特种生物．Heavy metal contents of Cd, Pb, Zn, Hg and As in mushrooms and related soil samples from Liangshan, Sichuan were studied. Hg was not found in all soil samples, while Cd only existed in the soil sample from the Lingjia Mountain in Huili County and did not in the other two soil samples. The contents of Pb, Zn and As in soil samples were 52. 806 4 ～ 274.731 0, 18. 747 5 ～ 164. 585 8 and 3. 970 7 ～ 10. 749 9 mg/kg （ dry weight） , respectively. The ability of wild mushroom in accumulating Hg and Cd was found quite strong. Cd and Hg were found in all the mushrooms growing in the soil with no Cd and Hg, and the content of Cd was 28. 383 6 mg/kg dry matter in Lepita ventriosospora and that of Hg 0. 860 7 mg/kg dry matter in Russula delica. If the soil was contaminated by Pb, R. delica had a strong ability to accumulate Pb （ 115. 979 0 mg/kg dry matter）. The content of Zn in all the mushroom samples was low, also the concentration of As in mushroom was related with that in soil, and the highest As concentration was 4. 003 5 mg/kg dry matter in Gomphus floccosus. Genus-dependency of mushroom to heary metal accumulation was proved and the characteristics of mushroom＇s accumulating heary metal were related to heary metal content in soil. Fig l, Tab 2, Ref 11

关 键 词：凉山州 野生蘑菇 重金属 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]