存养扩充:孟子道德教化思想之理路  

Cultivating and Expanding Our Mind:On Mencius's Thoughts of Moral Building

作　　者：郭燕华[1] 詹世友[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学人文学院哲学系,江西南昌330047

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2006年第4期42-48,共7页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：孟子在礼乐文明的教化作用已经式微的战国中期,为道德教化开启了一条新的、即涵养本心的理路。他主张性善,就是鼓励人们的道德自信;其四端之说,是说我们的本性只有善的端芽。以此为基础,存养扩充,才能成善,因为人心本有“向善”的倾向,所以孟子的道德教化是一种类似于自然生长的过程,教育只不过是遵循人心向善的方向,培育一种自然而然、不待勉强的德性的过程。所以,我们要做的教化工夫就是对四端进行推扩而至于无尽,培养人的大丈夫气概,使人具有一股至大至刚的浩然正气,成为真正意义上的人,从而实现自己的人生价值。Mencius paved a new path for moral building during the mid Warring States period when the fuction of building of Rites（ li, 礼） and Music （yue,乐 ） was fading away, and he maintained that cultivation stemmed from our original mind. In order to encourage moral confidence of normal people, Mencius declaimed that human nature is kind. However,Mencius referred to the four predispositions of our mind/heart [ 四端 ] as the four ＇ sprouts＇ or ＇ beginnings＇ of goodness. According to the two theories mentioned above we should expand the four predispositions of our mind/heart and cultivate our virtue. Only in doing so,can we achieve the goodness. Mencius thought that there was a trend to goodness in people＇ s mind/heart. So,for Mencius ,moral building was a process. Education is the only process to nurture a sense of morality naturally and willingly. In order to nurture a spirit of manliness,to be a true man and to fulfill his value ,one must follow the process of moral building and expand the four ethical attributes infinitely.

关 键 词：孟子 道德教化 性善 扩充工夫 

分 类 号：B222.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]