早熟马铃薯农田土壤水分动态和地膜水分效应  

Soil Moisture Dynamics and Moisture Effect of Ground Film in Early Hdrvested Potato Field

作　　者：李鼎新[1] 陈国良[1] 徐学选[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水土保持研究所

出　　处：《水土保持通报》1996年第6期36-42,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：对宁南干旱山区早熟丰产马铃薯农田土壤水分的研究结果表明：马铃薯农田土壤水分动态变化可以分为三个活动时期，它与区域的降雨和分配有极强的相似性。土壤水分垂直变化规作可以分为速变层（０～２Ｏｃｍ），缓变层（２０～１２０ｃｍ）和相对稳定层（１２０～２００ｃｍ）。并研究了各个层间的水分的关系。早熟丰产马铃薯的耗水量约为３１２～３９４ｍｍ。前期主要来自灌水补充的底墒，后期来自降雨。地膜覆盖技术比露地更能够有效地减少水分蒸发，水分生产率高，在干旱山区发展集水窑窖灌溉结合地膜技术推广早熟马铃薯，提高商品率，增加收入，前景广阔。The soil moisture dynamics of potato field in southern Ningxia semi-arid area is stud-ied.The result shows:(1)The moisture of potato field could be classed into three stages by thevariability,which very obviously cooperated with precipitntion and its distribution within sea-sons.(2)The soil moisture dynamics in vertical direction cotild he divided into three types too;(A)variable greatly layer(0～20cm).(B)slowly variable layer(20～120cm);(C)relativelysteady layer(120～200cm).The authors also analysed the moistture relntionship among thosethree layers。(3)In the period of duration of early harvested potato,consumed 3l2～394mm ofwater,it means 350mm, which mainly from irrigation or soil water in former stage and fromrainfall in its later stage。The ground film could save soil water and raising water use efficiency,and also enhance riped earlier with high yield in the area,combined with cellar-harvesting wateruse。We cotild develope local efficient agriculture. It is a reasonal technique way to increasing in-come for farmers.

关 键 词：马铃薯 土壤水分动态 地膜 水分效应 早熟性 

分 类 号：S532.04[农业科学—作物学]