普通话和粤语记忆中的语言依赖效应  

Language-Dependent Effect in Mandarin and Catonese

作　　者：张积家[1] 张倩秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学心理学系,广州510631

出　　处：《心理学报》2006年第5期633-644,共12页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(04BYY007);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(05JZD00034)资助

摘　　要：通过两个实验考察普通话和粤语环境下的记忆语言依赖效应。实验1运用自传式回忆范式,考察语言环境对情境记忆提取的影响。结果表明,在普通话和粤语环境下,普通话-粤语双言被试的回忆体现了对语言环境的依赖。当回忆时的语言环境和事件发生时的语言环境相同时,获得了更多的同类记忆。实验2通过听觉方式呈现词,考察语音和语言表达方式对再认的影响。结果表明,普通话-粤语双言被试对用粤语方言表达的词反应时间短,误报率低,辨别力强,表明语音和语言表达方式是影响普通话-粤语双言被试记忆语言依赖效应的重要因素。Introduction Language-dependent effect is a new types of dependent memory and has unique properties to of the relations between language and memory. In this type of context-dependent memory, combines features with other language. Through this effect, people may get deep understanding research, two experiments were conducted to explore language-dependent effects in Mandarin and Cantonese. Method A total of 18 undergraduate students （8 males） in two universities of Guangzhou were randomly selected to take part in Experiment 1. Among them, three （2 males and 1 female） spoke Mandarin as a child, but switched to Cantonese when they were at an average age of 10.67. They speak fluent Cantonese at the time of the study. Fifteen students were native Cantonese speakers who came from the Pearl Delta region but can also speak Mandarin fluently. Experiment 1 adopted autobiographical memory paradigm. The experiment consisted of two independent variables, one was the ways of presentation （visual or auditory）, the other was language environments of recall （Mandarin or Cantonese ）. The dependent variable was the types and numbers of autobiographical memories. The types of autobiographical memories were divided into 3 types ：（1） agreeable memories： Mandarin memories appeared in Mandarin environments, whereas Cantonese memories appeared in Cantonese environments ;（2） disagreeable memories：Mandarin memories appeared in Cantonese environments, whereas Cantonese memories appeared in Mandarin environments;（3） mixed memories ：both Mandarin memories and Cantonese memories appeared in two environments. Twenty-three （23） undergraduate students（ 10 males and 13 females）from three universities in Guangzhou participated in experiment 2. These students spoke both Mandarin and Cantonese fluently. The materials used were 90 Chinese words：30 words were general Cantonese expressions ,30 words were Cantonese dialect expressions, and 30 words were interfere items. Recognition paradigm were used. The w

关 键 词：记忆语言依赖 自传式回忆 语音 语言表达方式. 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]