营养措施对女子举重运动员减控体重期间血液指标的影响  

Effects of Nutrition Supply on Blood Indexes of Female Weight Lifters in Weight-Reducing Period

作　　者：逄金柱 焦颖[1] 张云龙[1] 李海红[1] 蒋永忠 王文莹[1] 杨则宜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京康比特运动营养研究所,北京100029 [2]陕西第二中学,西安710054

出　　处：《体育科研》2006年第6期75-77,80,共4页Sport Science Research

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关计划项目(2004BA904B04)

摘　　要：研究目的:研究运动员训练中慢速减体重、赛前快速降体重和赛前体能恢复的营养学干预方法与手段对血液指标的影响,促进减体重后体能的快速恢复。研究方法:女子举重队的12名运动员随机分成实验组和对照组,每组6人。实验组和对照组运动员进行统一的运动训练并采用等同能量的饮食方案,所不同是实验组运动员在减重期间服用减重棒、维生素和电解质的运动营养食品,在减重后的恢复期服用快速的能量补充制剂和维生素电解质强化运动营养食品,而对照组运动员服用相应的安慰剂。实验组和对照组运动员分别在减重前后进行血液指标的测试。研究结果:在快减后恢复阶段实验组的肌酸激酶和血尿素显著低于对照组,血红蛋白则显著高于对照组,两组之间的血清睾酮水平无显著性差异。在快减和恢复阶段,实验组的血清钾、钠、钙浓度显著高于对照组。在减控体重期间,实验组运动员的饥饿度明显低于对照组。结论:科学的营养干预措施可保证按既定的目标减轻体重,并维持良好的血红蛋白水平,降低血清肌酸激醇和血尿素的水平;合理的补充营养强化剂可维持血清无机离子的水平,保证机体内环境的稳定。Objective： To study the effects of nutrition supply method on blood indexes in slow weight- reducing phase, rapid weight-reducing phase and pre-contest recovery phase so as to find a way for quick recovery after weight reduction, Methods： Twelve female weight lifters were randomly divided into two groups： experiment group and control group. The lifters had the same training and took the food with same energy. But nutritional supplements of weight-loss bar, vitamins and electrolyte were provided to the experiment group athletes during the weight.reducing phase, And in the recovery phase, they took quick energy supplements with intensified vitamins and electrolyte, The athletes in the control group took placebos. Both groups had blood tests before and after the weight-reducing period. Result： During the recovery phase, the level of CK and BU of the experiment group were significantly lower than those of the control group, but the hemoglobin was distinctly higher. There was no significant difference of the testosterone level between the two groups. During the rapid weight reducing and recovery phases, K, Na and Ca of the experiment group were well above those of the control group. The hungry degree of the experiment group was clearly lower than the control group in weight- reducing phase, Conclusion： Scientific nutrition supply can reduce body weight as planned, and at the same time maintain hemoglobin level and lower the levels of CK and BU, Rational nutrition supply may maintain the level of serum ions and ameliorate the milieu inteme.

关 键 词：减重 营养 无氧能力 有氧能力 

分 类 号：G804.32[文化科学—运动人体科学]