天津市3～15岁儿童屈光参差与立体视的调查分析  

Study of anisometropia and stereopsis among 3～15 years old children in Tianjin

作　　者：王海英[1] 赵堪兴[1] 郑曰忠[1] 李丽华[1] 谢培英[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津眼科医院,天津市现在天津职业大学300020

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2006年第12期934-937,共4页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的统计各年龄组儿童屈光参差的检出率,比较儿童屈光参差组与无屈光参差组的双眼视功能状态的差异。方法研究对象来自我院以人群为基础、整群随机抽样的流行病学调查资料,抽取3～15岁儿童6004名(3035/2969)。在征得其监护人同意的情况下,利用NIDEK(ARK-30)手持自动验光仪分别在睫状肌麻痹(美多丽P)前后测其屈光状态,并由有经验的视光师在麻痹后进行检影验光。结果(1)屈光参差(等效球镜度差为1.0D及以上)的检出率随着年龄的增长而增加(χ2=91.322,P<0.005);(2)3～7岁组和其他各年龄组的立体视均值有差异(P<0.05),其他各组间立体视无差异(P>0.05);(3)无屈光参差组随着近视度的增加,立体视有逐渐下降趋势,但组间差异无显著性,与低度屈光参差组差异亦无显著性,但与中、高度屈光参差组差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论随着年龄的增长,屈光参差的检出率增加;立体视在3～7岁仍在发育之中,至8～15岁阶段基本趋于稳定。儿童存在较大的屈光参差会引起双眼视功能的下降。Objective To study the prevalence of anisometropia in children from different age groups, in order to find the relationship between the anisometropia and stereopsis. Methods Six thousands and four subjects （age 3- 15）from TianJin Hebei district were collected for a population-based study. Informed written consent was obtained from the parents of the children. A drop of 1%, Marid P was administered twice at 5 minutes and 20 minutes intervals. Cycloplegic auto refraction was performed using the NIDEK auto refractor, and retinoscopy was conducted by the practiced optometrist. Results The prevalence rates of anisometropia, in terms of spherical equivalent （SE） difference of at least 1.0 diopters were increased with age growth. The difference in mean of stereopsis（log） was statistically different between 3-7 years old and 8-15 years old. The mean of stereopsis （log） for 8- 15 years old children was not statistically different. The mean of stereopsis （log） was statistically different between no anisometropia groups, mild anisometropia and moderate and high anisometropia groups. Conclusion Anisometropia incidence is increased in corresponding to the age. Stereopsis is still underdevelopment among aged 3- 7 children,it reaches stable stage by 8- 15 years old. Children with high anisometropia tend to have affected visual ability.

关 键 词：屈光参差 检出率 立体视 屈光不正 正视 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科]