考虑近邻和次近邻车辆影响的单车道元胞自动机模型  

Single-Lane Cellular Automaton Model Considering Influence of Nearest Neighbor Vehicles and the Next-Nearest Neighbor Vehicles

作　　者：孔宪娟[1] 高自友[1] 李克平[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2006年第6期11-15,31,共6页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(70471088);国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(70225005);高校优秀青年教师教学科研奖励计划资助项目(2001)

摘　　要：提出了一种考虑当前车辆前方两个车辆影响的单车道元胞自动机模型,根据双倍视距模型的思想修改了NaSch模型的加减速规则.计算机模拟表明,本文提出的模型能够呈现真实交通中观察到的一些复杂交通流现象,如时走时停波等,且最大流量和临界密度比NaSch模型更接近真实交通流的测量值.此外模拟结果表明通过参数调整可使车辆间保持一定的安全间距行进.最后,还讨论了近邻车辆的敏感系数和次近邻车辆的敏感系数的影响.模拟结果表明,固定任何一个参数的值,最大流量都会随另一个参数的增大而增加,对流量的影响显著,说明近邻车辆的影响大于次近邻车辆的影响.In this paper, a new single-lane cellular automaton model considering the influence of the nearest neighbor vehicles and the next-nearest neighbor vehicles is proposed. A type of the driving strategies used in the double look-ahead model has been employed for instead of the acceleration and deceleration rules of NaSch traffic model. The simulation results show that the proposed model can reproduce some traffic flow states that have been observed in the real traffic, such as go-and-stop wave, and both the maximum flux and the critical density are closer to the real measurement than that of NaSch model. By adjusting parameters the vehicles move for ward between each other with different safety distance for the influence of the next-nearest neighbor vehicles. This can intensify the traffic safety and be available to traffic management and control. And that is the sensitivity coefficients of the nearest neighbor vehicles and the next-nearest neighbor vehicles respectively. The simulation results show that either of the parameters or it is fixed, the maximum flux increases while the other parameter increases. But the flux increases more evidently with increment which shows the influence of the nearest neighbor vehicles is greater than that of the next-nearest neighbor vehicles.

关 键 词：元胞自动机 跟车模型 双倍视距模型 时空演化图 基本图 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] O415[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]