TOGA－COAREIOP海表通量估算  

ESTIMATES OF SEA SURFACE FLUXES DURING TOGA-COARE IOP

作　　者：姚华栋[1] 李骥[1] 丁一汇[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家气候中心

出　　处：《气象学报》1996年第6期693-708,共16页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

摘　　要：使用ＴＯＧＡ－ＣＯＡＲＥＩＯＰ１９９２年１１月５日至１９９３年２月１９日向阳红５号海上船舶（２°Ｓ，１５６°Ｅ）观测资料，通过３种不同的总体方法估算了这个点的海表面通量。首先得出一个中性拖曳系数和风速之间的准线性关系，然后用迭代法处理依赖于稳定度的拖曳系数和输送系数，在此基础上计算了动量、感热和潜热通量。在暖池区与西风相对应的通量远大于东信风相对应的通量，海表通量的量值也依赖于稳定度，特别是在弱风条件下。估算的海表净热量平衡表明从海洋向大气大量的热输送主要是由潜热通量和有效长波辐射产生的。其中潜热通量的数值最大、感热通量数值最小。最后和同期日本Ｒ／ＶＨａｋｕｈｏ考察船（０°，１５６°Ｅ）用涡动相关法得到的直接测量通量比较，作了精确度分析，表明用总体方法估算的通量是可靠的。并用向阳红５号船的资料估算的有效长波辐射和直接测量值作了比较，也和热带西太平洋ＴＯＧＡ调查作了比较分析。With the marine ship observation data set obtained by three cruise-phases of Chinese Xiang Yang Hong 5 from November 5 ship 1992 to February 19, 1993 in the TOGACOARE IOP at 2°S and 156°E, the sea surface fluxes at this point are estimated by three different bulk schemes. Firstly, a quasi-linear relation is found between the neutral drag coefficients and wind speed. Then, the stability-dependent drag and heat transfer coefficients are iteratively solved. Based on thus-derived transfer coefficients. the momentum. sensible and latent heat fluxes are calculated. In the Warm pool region. the fluxes corresponding to the westerly winds are much greater than those of the easterly trade winds. The magnitude of sea surface fluxes depends upon the atmospheric stabihity as well. in particular in the case of weak wind condition. The estimated sea surface net heat budget shows that considerable amount of heat transport from ocean to atmosphere is mainly produced by the effective long wave radiation, latent and sensible heat fluxes. Among them the value of latent heat flux is the largest and the sensible heat flux is the smallest. Finally, an accuracy analysis is made by direct measuremets with eddy-correlation method on the Japanese R/V Hakuho board at the same time. Is is shown that the bulk-derived fluxes are acceptable with much confidence.The estimated effective long wave radiation is used to compare with those by direct observations on Xiang Yang Hong 5 ship. This research is compared with TOGA investigation in the Tropical Western Pacific.

关 键 词：海表动量 潜热通量 感热通量 

分 类 号：P732.1[天文地球—海洋科学] P434.5