用于交通控制策略评估的微观交通尾气模拟与实例分析  

Microscopic Traffic-Emission Simulation and Case Study for Evaluation of Traffic Control Strategies

作　　者：陈琨[1] 于雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2007年第1期93-100,共8页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50378003);教育部博士点基金(YSC02005);北京交通大学校基金(YSJ02010)资助

摘　　要：许多研究表明机动车的尾气排放量与车辆的瞬时速度、加速度密切相关.为了制定控制机动车尾气排放的有效策略,必须建立一个能够模拟车辆瞬间运行状况的微观模拟平台来评估机动车尾气排放.本文结合微观交通模拟模型VISSIM和微观尾气模型CMEM,建立了微观交通尾气模拟平台.选取北京市海淀区的部分主要道路构建实例分析路网,并对其交通运行状况和尾气排放进行评价.本文首先建立了车辆的瞬间尾气排放率、燃料消耗率与瞬时速度、加速度之间的关系;然后,对研究路网的各种车型的尾气排放量进行分析和计算;最后,通过两个假设方案,对不同的交通管理与控制策略对于尾气排放的影响进行分析.Many studies have shown that the amounts of vehicle emissions are typically affected by vehicles＇ instantaneous speeds and acceleration rates. In order to make an effort to control the mobile source vehicle emissions from a technical perspective, it is necessary to develop a microscopic simulation platform for estimating vehicle emissions, which can capture the instantaneous vehicles＇ modal activities. This paper is intended to develop an integrated microscopic traffic-emissions simulation platform by using the microscopic traffic simulation model VISSIM and the modal emissions model CMEM. A sub-network selected from the Haidian district of Beijing is used to build a traffic simulation network, whose traffic and emission conditions are subsequently evaluated. Relationships between the instantaneous emission/fuel consumption rate and the instantaneous speed/acceleration are first analyzed. Then, the emissions for a variety of vehicle types in the network are analyzed. Finally, the developed platform is used to evaluate the impact of alternative traffic control and management strategies for two scenarios.

关 键 词：微观交通模拟 尾气评估 VISSIM CMEM 交通控制 

分 类 号：U473[机械工程—车辆工程]