中学优、差生目标设置效果的实验研究  

A Research on the Effects of Goal-setting in LE and LD Middle School Students

作　　者：陈本友[1] 黄希庭[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理科学》2007年第1期177-180,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：受国家社科基金项目(批准号:03BSH023);教育部高校博士点专项科研基金项目(批准号:20040635001)资助

摘　　要：从时间管理倾向和目标设置的有关理论出发,设计了两个实验任务,考察了中学优、差生目标设置的效果。结果发现,中学优、差生在目标设置效果上存在一定差异。在简单任务上,中学优差生在完成任务的时间和准确率上均不存在显著差异;在复杂任务上,二者都存在显著差异,优生好于差生。研究还发现,在完成任务的时间上,目标设置对中学优生和差生的影响具有一致性,复杂任务明确目标的成绩明显好于不明确目标的成绩。This study designed two tasks to examine the effects of goal-setting in learning excellent（LE） students and learning disabled （LD） students in middle school on the basis of time management disposition and goal setting theories. Fifteen students from three middle schools participated in the study. The results showed that there existed certain differences in the effects of goal-setting between LE students and LD students. In simple tasks, there were no significant differences between specific goals and nonspeeific goals in LE students and LD students; in complex tasks, there were significant differences; LE student did better than LD students. The study also found that the performance of specific goals was better than the performance of nonspeeifie goals in complex tasks for LE students and LD students. The further implications of the findings for effects of goal setting were discussed.

关 键 词：中学优生 中学差生 目标设置 

分 类 号：B841[哲学宗教—基础心理学]