浅谈培根有关偏见的思想——从人的主体认识结构角度分析培根的“四假象说”  

On Bacon's Thought of Prejudices——Understand Bacon's "doctrine of four idolas" from the Angle of Human's Cognitive structural

作　　者：黄灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学,山东济南250014

出　　处：《辽宁教育行政学院学报》2007年第1期10-12,共3页Journal of Liaoning Educational Administration Institute

摘　　要：四假象说是培根哲学中最著名的部分之一。在四假象说中,培根分析了阻碍人们正确认识的四种假象或者说是偏见,提出要将感觉与理性结合起来解决偏见与正确认识之间的矛盾问题,具体说就是运用他的经验归纳法。偏见属于我们现在所谈的主体认识结构问题,培根看到了偏见对人们观察认识事物的消极作用,成为西方哲学史上系统、深刻地探讨和解释主体认识结构问题的第一人。培根对主体性问题的探讨具有局限性,是否定性的,没能看到主体认识结构的积极作用。The ＂doctrine of four idolas＂ is one of Bacon＇s most famous philosophies. In the ＂doctrine of four idolas＂, Bacon analyzed the four idolas or prejudices which hindered human＇s correct understanding and put forward that we should combine our feelings with rationality to solve the contradiction between prejudices and human＇s correct understandings, which specifically make use of his experience induction theory. The prejudice belongs to the human＇s cognitive structural problem which we now discussed. Bacon saw the prejudices＇ negative effects of human＇s observation, and became the first person to systematically and deeply confer and infer human＇s cognitive structural problem. However, Bacon only saw of the negative effect of human＇s cognitive structure and ignored the positive aspect, so we say that Bacon＇s study of human＇s cognitive structure had limitations.

关 键 词：偏见 剔除 感觉 理性 主体认识结构 

分 类 号：B561.21[哲学宗教—外国哲学]