无“是”即无逻辑:形而上学的逻辑神话  

A Logic Mythology of Metaphysics: Non-being Means Having No Logic

作　　者：程仲棠[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《学术研究》2007年第3期25-32,共8页Academic Research

摘　　要：逻辑与本体论均以“是”为核心,无“是”即无本体论,同样无“是”即无逻辑——这就是流传于中国学界的一个形而上学的逻辑神话。本文的目的是对这个神话进行解构,读者将会发现,“是”在亚里士多德的词项逻辑中不过扮演一个可有可无的小角色,即作为组成逻辑常项的一种可供选择的语言要素;在斯多葛派的命题逻辑中根本没有地位;在现代逻辑中亦无影无踪。这一切表明,没有“是”,逻辑照样运作。无“是”即无逻辑论的症结在于把逻辑和形而上学混为一谈。It is said that, logic and metaphysics or ontology all use‘to be’as their nucleus. If without‘being’,there would be no ontology. Likewise, it is a logic mythology of metaphysics that non-being means there would be no logic. The purpose of this paper is to deconstruct the logic mythology. Readers will find out that‘to be’in the logic of Aristotle’s terms just acts as a small dispensable role, some kind of language factor consisted of logic constants, which can be chosen. It has no position in the prepositional logic of the school of Stoic totally, and disappears completely in modern logic. All of these indicate that, logic can operate without‘to be’as usual. The crux of the view taken non-being as no logic is that, it lumps together logic with metaphysics.

关 键 词：“是” 形而上学 传统词项逻辑 斯多葛派命题逻辑 现代逻辑 

分 类 号：B81-09[哲学宗教—逻辑学]