乙草胺与硫酸铜对黑土微生物的复合生态影响  

Combined Ecological Effects of Acetochlor and Copper Sulphate on Microorganisms in Phaeozem

作　　者：张倩茹[1] 周启星[1] 张惠文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程重点实验室

出　　处：《环境科学》2007年第4期826-831,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金项目(20225722);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2004CB418503);中俄自然资源与生态环境联合研究中心项目;中俄合作研究(NSFC-RFBR)项目(20611120015)

摘　　要：为了探究2种不同类型农药联合施用对土壤微生物的复合生态影响,以除草剂乙草胺和杀菌剂硫酸铜为例,采用传统毒理学方法和BIOLOG法对其进行评价.结果表明,乙草胺和硫酸铜的联合施用对细菌、放线菌和真菌活菌量以及土壤脱氢酶活性基本呈现急性抑制效应,但随时间延长其作用逐渐减弱甚至发生逆转,而对土壤底物诱导呼吸强度表现为明显促进.利用Shannon、Simpson和McIntosh多样性指数模型和主成分分析法对BIOLOG数据进行分析,表明2种农药的联合施用显著破坏了黑土微生物群落物种多样性的丰富度和均一性,主成分分析法也表明土壤微生物群落碳源利用多样性发生了改变.In order to explore the combined ecological effects of acetochlor and copper sulphate on soll microorganisms, the traditional toxicological methods and BIOLOG were employed. The results indicate that the combined application of acetochlor and copper sulphate has acute inhibitory effects on the amount of culture-dependent viable bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi as well as soil dehydrogenase activity. These effects are gradually weakened and even reverse with the increase of exposure time. The change of the substrate-induced respiration （SIR） is significantly increased under the combined stress. The data of BIOLOG are subjected to the principle component analysis （PCA） and three index models such as Shannon, Simpson and McIntosh indexes. The results also indicate that the combined application of acetochlor and copper sulphate can destroy the richness and evenness of microbial community diversity in phaeozem. The changes of carbon utilization diversity of ohaeozem microbial community are also showed by the pattern of PCA.

关 键 词：乙草胺 硫酸铜 黑土 微生物 复合生态效应 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]