朱子心论及其对先秦儒学性情论的创造性重建  

Zhu Xi's Theory of “Mind” (xin) and Its Significance for the Creative Reconstruction of the Theory of Human Nature (qing) in Pre-Qin Confucianism

作　　者：李景林[1] 田智忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学价值观与民族精神创新基地 [2]福建师范大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2007年第3期88-99,共12页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：在宋明儒学中,朱子之心论,实最为完备。但现代学者往往既囿于理学心学分系和对峙之前见,又受到西方哲学诠释模式的影响,常倾向以“认知心”来理解朱子之心说,或以理性主义来诠解其心性哲学的精神。而实际上朱子心论是以“情”为心的主体内容,以仁为“心之德”,在“爱”或情的实存活动上来把握心的整体义涵。心的“知觉”内在于情,构成人的生命存在之内在的主宰和定向作用。由此,其在形上学上,立足于以个体实存一系列自我转化的工夫历程展开和实现性体、道体的超越性意义。故朱子心论可以说是创造性地接续和再建了先秦儒学性情论和形上学的精神传统。剖析朱子心论这个典型的思想案例,对于我们了解儒学作为一种“哲学”的独特思想内涵,建构儒家哲学的现代形态,有着重要的理论意义。Zhu Xi's theory of mind is the most complete among those of Confucianists in the Song and Ming Dynasties.However,modern scholars are often mired in debates on different schools and opposing views on neo-Confucianism theories of mind as well as being affected by the hermeneutic models of Western philosophy.As a result,they either incline to understanding Zhu Xi's theory with reference to the cognitive mind or interpret his philosophy of the mind and human nature from the point of view of rationalism.Actually,Zhu Xi took “emotions”(qing) as the main body of “mind” and “benevolence”(ren) as its distinctive virtue,understanding the whole connotation of “mind” from the perspective of actions of love or emotion.The mind's consciousness was inherent in the emotions and constituted the innate dominating and defining function of human existence.Since his theory of human nature preceding forms was grounded on a series of self-transformations of individual existence that displayed and realized the transcendent significance of human and moral nature,his theory of mind could be considered as the creative inheritance and reconstruction of pre-Qin Confucian theories of human nature and emotions and metaphysics.Going deep into the classic intellectual example of Zhu Xi's theory of mind has an important theoretical significance for our understanding of the unique intellectual connotations of Confucianism as a philosophy and the construction of a modern form of Confucian philosophy.

关 键 词：儒学 朱子 心 性 情 仁 

分 类 号：B244.7[哲学宗教—中国哲学]