时速300km高速列车铜基粒子强化闸片的研究  

Study on the Particle-Reinforced Cu-Matrix Brake Pads for 300 km·h^(-1) High-Speed Trains

作　　者：高飞[1] 宋宝韫[1] 符蓉[1] 于庆军[1] 张学东[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2007年第3期62-67,共6页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家"八六三"计划资助项目(2003AA331190);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50375025)

摘　　要：通过粉末冶金工艺,制备了铜基粒子强化材料,材料由金属基体铜、铁、铝、锡和多种高硬度陶瓷粒子以及石墨、二硫化钼构成。利用定速摩擦试验机在摩擦压力为0.45~0.9 MPa、模拟列车速度为50~300km.h-1的实验条件下,对制备的材料进行了摩擦性能测试。结果表明:该材料在定速摩擦条件下的摩擦系数大都处于或高于国际铁路联盟(UIC)标准的上限。在1∶1制动动力试验台上,对用该材料制造的高速列车制动闸片进行最高时速达300 km的工况测试。结果表明:该制动闸片的摩擦系数完全处于UIC标准的控制范围内,磨损率为0.37 cm3.MJ-1,并且产生的噪音低,振动小,导热性好,适合在时速300 km的高速列车上使用。Particle-reinforced copper-matrix composites materials, consisting of metal matrix Cu, Fe, A;, Sn, friction elements SiO2, Al2O3, and lubrication elements graphite, MoSz, were fabricated by powder metallurgy method. The friction properties of the materials were determined using a pin-on-disk wear machine. The load pressure range is 0.45-0. 9 MPa and the speed of the simulating train varies within 50- 300 km·h^-1. The friction coefficients of the obtained materials under various environments are proved to be equal to or larger than the corresponding up-limits of UIC Code. The materials were used to fabricate the brake pads for the high-speed trains, and these brake pads were tested at a 1 ：1 friction test bench with the fastest speed of 300km·h^-1 The results show that the friction coefficients are well within the scope ruled by the UIC Code. The wear rate is 0. 37km·h^-1. Furthermore, the fabricated brake pads have good qualities with low noise, little vibration, and good thermo-conductivity, and can be applied to 300km·h^-1 high-speed trains.

关 键 词：铜基粒子强化材料 制动闸片 高速列车 摩擦磨损 

分 类 号：U260.351[机械工程—车辆工程]