辅食补充对贫困农村婴幼儿呼吸道感染和腹泻的影响  

Effects of complementary food supplements on respiratory infections and diarrhea of infants and young children in poor rural

作　　者：于冬梅[1] 王玉英[2] 王福珍[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测与信息服务中心 [3]甘肃省卫生厅卫生监督所

出　　处：《卫生研究》2007年第3期355-357,共3页Journal of Hygiene Research

摘　　要：目的 探讨强化辅助食品对婴幼儿呼吸道感染和腹泻两周内患病的影响。方法 从甘肃省5个贫困县选取4～12个月的婴幼儿分成两组，所有儿童均在保持其家庭习惯的辅助食品添加的前提下，每天再补充1包不同配方的营养补充物，其中配方Ⅰ组补充了蛋白质和微量营养素。每隔6个月对全部儿童补充一次大剂量的维生素A，两组儿童观察到满24个月为止。补充期间，每3个月进行一次体格测量，记录此期间儿童患呼吸系统疾病和腹泻的情况。结果 补充12个月随访调查时，儿童近两周呼吸系统疾病和腹泻患病率下降明显，与基线调查比较，呼吸系统疾病和腹泻患病率的差异有显著性（P〈0．001），同一次调查两配方组儿童疾病患病率之间差异无显著性；配方Ⅰ组婴幼儿每次患呼吸系统疾病的病程逐渐下降。呼吸系统疾病和腹泻总的医疗费是明显下降的。结论 补充营养素强化的辅食和大剂量维生素A，可以降低儿童腹泻和呼吸道感染的发病率，减少医疗费用。To investigate the effect of complementary food supplements with protein and multimicronutrients on respiratory infections and diarrhea of infants and yound children in poor rural China. Methods In 5 poor county of Gansu Province, 1478 children aged 4 - 12 months were enrolled and divided into two groups. In addition to the usual home-made complementary food, all the children were fed one package of either formula I or formula II per day, protein and micronutrient were supplemented in formula I group. Every 6 months, a massive dose of vitamin A was supplemented to all children, weight and height measurements have been done every 3 months until they were 24 months old. Results During the follow-up of 12 months supplementation, prevalence of respiratory infection and diarrhea reduce significantly compared with baseline survey （ P 〈 0.0001 ）, there is no difference between the two group at the same survey, lasting time of respiratory infection is shortened in formula I group, and medical cost of disease in the two groups reduced significantly. Conclusion Complementary food supplements, with large-dose vitamin A, reduce prevalence of respiratory infections, diarrhea and medical cost of those diseases.

关 键 词：辅食补充物 婴幼儿 腹泻 呼吸道感染 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R725[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]