生物柴油排放微粒特性的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Characteristics of Biodiesel Exhausted Particle

作　　者：葛蕴珊[1] 何超[1] 韩秀坤[1] 吴思进[1] 陆小明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学汽车动力性与排放测试国家专业实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《环境科学》2007年第7期1632-1636,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50576003)

摘　　要：在1台直喷式增压柴油机上进行了生物柴油和柴油的排放微粒特性试验．用80L／min定量泵和装有直径90mm的玻纤滤膜采样器在排气管内采集微粒，利用激光粒度仪和色谱．质谱联用仪，分析了微粒的粒径分布和微粒中的可溶性有机物以及16种多环芳烃．结果表明，生物柴油排放微粒的体积粒径呈单峰分布，其平均直径d32和中位直径d（0．5）都随转速的增加而减少．高转速时生物柴油排放微粒的d32和d（0．5）均高于柴油，而低转速时均低于柴油．生物柴油的SOF排放质量浓度为12．3-31．5mg／m^3，占微粒质量的38．2％-58．0％，均明显高于柴油．生物柴油排放微粒中的总多环芳烃排放浓度为2．9-4．7μg／m^3，与柴油相比下降29．1％-92．4％．A particle emission experiment of a direct-injection turbocharged diesel engine with biodiesel and diesel was carried out. A pump of 80 L/min and fiber glass filters with diameter of 90 mm was used to sample engine particles in exhaust pipe. The size distribution, soluble organic fraction （SOF） and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） of particles were analyzed by a laser diffraction particle size analyzer and GC-MS. The results indicate that the volume weighted size distribution of biodiesel particle is single-peak and its median diameter d（0.5） and mean diameter d32 are decreased with the increasing speed. At the high speed the d32 and d（0.5） of biodlesel are larger than those of diesel, and quite the contrary at the low speed. SOF mass concentration and mass percentage of biodiesel are 12.3 - 31.5 mg/m3 and 38.2% - 58.0% respectively, which are much higher than those of diesel. The total PAHs emission concentration of biodiesel is 2.9 - 4.7μg/m^3 , lower than that of diesel as much as 29.1% - 92.4% .

关 键 词：生物柴油 微粒 粒径分布 可溶性有机物 多环芳烃 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]