汉字错误记忆的形、音编码差异研究  

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GRAPHIC AND PHONOLOGICAL ENCODING IN FALSE MEMORY OF CHINESE CHARACTERS

作　　者：郭秀艳[1] 唐菁华 李荆广[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理系,上海200062

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2007年第2期86-92,共7页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划41193002项目;教育部人文社会科学研究项目青年基金05JCXLX012项目的资助。

摘　　要：采取DRM范式,要求被试判断词表项目的字形结构或音调,从而间接学习词表,考察了关联性、不同编码方式和测验情境(测验次数、测验词颜色两个变量)对真实和错误记忆的影响。实验发现:(1)随着关联性的增加,未学词的错误再认率也增加,说明关联性是引发错误记忆的必要条件;(2)字形判断比字音判断下的错误再认率要高,说明汉字中形—义联结可能比音—义联结更加紧密;(3)测验情境对真实和错误记忆影响并不相同,表明两者虽然同源,但具有完全不同的机制。Using DRM paradigm, the authors asked the subjects to judge the graphic structure or the tone of Chinese characters, for studying the word lists indirectly. The authors investigated some factors that influenced true and false recognition. These factors were association, encoding style, testing context （times of testing and the color of test words） . The results showed that： （1） the more of the association between unstudied words and studied words, the more false recognition rate, which suggested that association is an necessary factor of inducing false memory; （2） false recognition under the condition of graphic-judgments was significantly higher than the condition of phonological-judgments, which suggested that graphic-semantic relationship is closer than phonological-semantic relationship; （3） the testing context has different effect on true and false memory, which suggested that they share a same source but with totally different mechanism.

关 键 词：错误记忆 DRM范式 关联性记忆错觉 字形编码 字音编码 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]