工读学生心理防御特征及其与自尊水平的关系  

Characteristics of Reform School Students' Psychological Defense and the Relationship with Their Self-esteem Level

作　　者：范士青[1] 李淑媛[1] 钱珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2007年第8期63-68,共6页Chinese Journal of Special Education

摘　　要：目的:考察工读学生使用防御方式的特点,了解性别、学生类型、年龄和自尊对防御方式使用的影响。方法:使用防御方式问卷(DSQ)和自尊量表(SES)分别对78名工读学生和126名普通初中生进行测试。结果:(1)工读学生较普通生更多的使用投射、被动攻击、潜意显现、抱怨和退行五种不成熟的防御方式和伴无能之全能、隔离和消耗倾向三种中间型的防御方式,更少使用升华这种成熟型防御方式,工读生的掩饰性较低且自尊水平更低。(2)自尊水平对工读生不成熟的防御和普通生不成熟的防御都有显著的预测作用,性别对普通生成熟型防御方式有显著预测作用。结论:工读生防御方式的主要特点体现在他们对不成熟防御方式的使用程度显著高于普通学生,自尊水平是工读学生使用不成熟的防御方式的一个显著的预测源。Objective ： To examine the characteristics of reform school students＇ psychological defense styles,and to understand the influence of their gender, type, age and self- esteem on their defense styles. Method ： 78 reform school students and 126 general junior high school students are tested with DSQ and SES. Results： （1） Compared with general junior high school students, reform school students adopt 5 kinds of immature defense styles, namely projection, passive aggression, acting out, complaint and regression, and 3 sorts of intermediate defense styles like omnipotence, isolation and consumption more often, while use the mature style of sublimation less. Besides, the level of concealing and self- esteem of reform school students is lower than that of general junior high school students. （2） The self- esteem level of both reform school students and general junior high school students can predict their immature defense styles remarkably, while gender can predict general junior high school students＇ mature defense styles remarkably. Conclusion： The salient characteristics of reform school students＇ defense styles are mainly reflected by their tendency to adopt immature defense styles compared with general school students and self-esteem level can predict reform school students＇ immature defense styles remarkably.

关 键 词：防御方式 工读生 初中生 自尊 

分 类 号：G765[文化科学—特殊教育学]