不同品种牛肉品质研究  

A Study of Beef Quality of Different Breeds

作　　者：周磊[1] 于青云[1] 杜玮[1] 院东[1] 姜媛媛[1] 余雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院/动物营养实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2007年第4期534-538,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅重大攻关课题"新疆肉牛生产关键技术的开发"(200431102)

摘　　要：试验研究了新疆褐牛、荷斯坦牛和黄牛3个品种以及新疆褐牛与荷斯坦牛、黄牛西门塔尔牛杂交牛牛肉的肌红蛋白、系水率、蒸煮损失、剪切力、胶原蛋白、水分含量、粗蛋白、肌内脂肪含量和粗灰分的含量,初步建立了评定新疆牛肉品质的方法。结果表明:新疆褐牛、荷斯坦牛和黄牛的肌红蛋白、系水率、剪切力、胶原蛋白、蛋白和肌内脂肪含量分别为0.104、0.112和0.122μmol/g;71.35%、76.35%和72.19%;6.85、7.92和8.08 kg;5.06、6.56和6.77 mg/g;21.28%、20.39%、20.24%;1.75%、0.89%和1.15%,新疆褐牛的肉色、嫩度、蛋白和肌内脂肪含量等肉品质指标都要好于其它两个品种。通过新疆褐牛分别与荷斯坦牛和黄牛杂交,使这两个品种牛肉剪切力值和胶原蛋白含量分别降低了1.26%、6.31%和5.34%、8.57%;蛋白和肌内脂肪含量分别提高了2.65%、2.32%和7.87%、27.83%。肌红蛋白的含量分别提高了5.36%和降低了8.20%。结果表明:新疆褐牛较好地改善荷斯坦牛和黄牛的肉品质。The trial study of cattle of different breeds was conducted such as Myoglobin, Tenderness, Water holding capacity , cooking loss, Shear force, Total collegen, Humidity ratio, Crude protein , Intermuscular fat and Crude ash of Xinjiang Brown Calf, Holstein, Yellow Cattle, the crossbreed generation of Xinjiang Brown Calf with Holstein（Xinjiang Brown × Holstein）, Yellow Cattle （ Xinjiang Brown × Yellow Cattle） and Simmental （ Xinjiang Brown × Simmental）. The results indicate that Myoglobin, Water holding capacity, Shear force, Total collegen, Crude protein and Intermuscular fat of Xinjiang Brown Calf, Holstein and Yellow Cattle are 0.104 μmol/g, 0.112μmol/g, 0. 122μmol/g;71.35%, 76.35%, 72.19% ;6.85 kg, 7.92 kg, 8.08 kg;5.06 mg/g, 6.56 mg/g, 6.77 mg/g;21.28 %, 20.39%, 20.24% ;1.75 %, 0.89 %, 1.15 % respectively. Xinjiang Brown Calf＇s color, Tenderness, Crude protein, Intermuscular fat are better than Holstein and Yellow Cattle. Through the mating Xin-jiang Brown Cattle with Holstein and Yellow Cattle, the Shear force and Total collegen are declined by 1.26% ,6.31% and 5.34% ,8.57% separately;Crude protein and Intermuscular fat are separately heightened by 2.65% ,2. 32% and 7.87% ,27.83%. The Myoglobin （Mb） are separately heightened by 5.36% and declined by 8.20%. The results indicate Xinjiang Brown Calf can be good in improving the beef quality of Holstein and Yellow Cattle through mating.

关 键 词：牛肉品质 品种 杂交改良 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]