印度洋西北海域表层浮游动物数量组成及其分布  

Spatial distribution and species composition of zooplankton in the Northwestern Indian Ocean

作　　者：叶旭昌[1] 陈新军[1] 田思泉[1] 钱卫国[1] 刘必林[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学海洋学院,200090

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2007年第4期96-103,共8页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：上海市教委曙光计划项目"印度洋西北公海海域鸢乌贼的生物学研究"(05-11);上海市重点学科捕捞学项目(T1101)共同资助

摘　　要：根据2004年10～11月印度洋西北海域12°00′～21°30′N、58°00′～65°00′E表层浮游动物的调查资料,对其种类组成、生物量及其平面分布进行了分析。结果表明,浮游动物有腔肠动物水母类3目7科11属15种;浮游甲壳动物7目24科34属40种;浮游软体动物2目5科5属5种;毛颚动物1目1科1属3种;被囊动物1目2科4属4种。生物量较大的种类主要是甲壳动物的尖尾海萤、桡足类、莹虾类、磷虾类、端足类和糠虾类,以及毛颚动物的箭虫类。调查海域总生物量和丰度的平均值分别为39.51±114.06mg/m3和3020±7929个/m3。其中尖尾海萤的生物量(24.30mg/m3)和丰度(1498个/m3)为最高,其次为箭虫类。总生物量和丰度平面分布差异显著,呈现北部(17°N以北)高于南部(17°N以南)、东部(62°E以东)高于西部(62°E以西)的趋势,同时不同纬度浮游动物的种类组成也有差异。ABSTRACT On the basis of the investigation data on zooplankton by Chinese squid jigging vessels in the waters, 12°00′--21°30′N, 58°00′-65°00′E, of Northwestern Indian Ocean from Oct. -Nov., 2004, the species composition, biomass, and spatial distribution of zooplankton were analyzed. The results showed that there were 15 species, belonging to 11 genus, 7 family, 3 order in Coelenterate and Ctenophora; 40 species, belonging to 34 genus, 24 family, 7 order in Crustacean; 5 species, belonging to 5 genus, 5 family, 2 order in Mollusk; 3 species, belonging to i genus, 1 family, 1 order in Chaetognatha; 4 species, belonging to 4 genus, 2 family, 1 order in Urochordata. The species of zooplankton mainly include Cypridina acuminate, Copepoda , Lucifer, Euphausiacea , Amphipoda , Mysidacea and Chaetognatha. The average total biomass and abundance of zooplankton were 39.51 ± 114.06 mg/m^3 and 3 020 ± 7 929 ind/m^3, respectively, in which Cypridina acuminate was the highest both in biomass （24.30 mg/m^3） and in abundance （1 498 ind/m^3）, Chaetognatha was in the next place. Both biomass and abundance of zooplankton exhibited marked differences in horizontal distribution in the surveyed area, viz., high in the north of 17°N and low in the south of 17°N; high in the east of 62°E and low in the west of 62°E. In addition, the species composition of zooplankton was also varied with latitudes.

关 键 词：浮游动物 种类组成 生物量 平面分布 印度洋西北海域 

分 类 号：S921.84[农业科学—渔业资源]