枯草芽孢杆菌QDH-1-1对采后苹果青霉病的抑制效果  

Inhibiting Effect of Bacillus Subtilis QDH-1-1 on Blue Mold in Postharvest Apple

作　　者：史凤玉[1] 朱英波[1] 吉志新[1] 宋士清[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院农学系,秦皇岛066600

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2007年第4期80-84,共5页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省教委基金资助项目(No.2004318)

摘　　要：目的:研究一种从番茄叶面分离获得的拮抗菌——枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)QDH-1-1对苹果采后青霉病的防治效果。方法:通过拮抗菌的不同处理、使用浓度及与钙配合等方法研究了枯草芽孢杆菌对青霉病的抑制作用。结果表明:拮抗菌使用浓度明显地影响苹果中病斑发生和病斑扩展,且使用浓度越大,其抑病效果越好。当拮抗菌的使用浓度达到109CFU/mL时,可完全抑制接种在苹果上的青霉菌(Penicillium expansum,104CFU/mL)的侵染。用108～109CFU/mL的拮抗菌与2%CaCl2配合对苹果采后青霉病的抑制效果明显地好于单独使用相同剂量的拮抗菌或2%CaCl2。拮抗菌的不同处理对病原菌孢子萌发的抑制效果与体内试验结果一致。结论:枯草芽孢杆菌QDH-1-1主要通过营养和空间竞争作用抑制病原菌生长。Objective：To study prevention and control effects of Bacillus subtilis QDH-1-1,an antagonist isolated from tomato leaf,on blue mold of postharvest apple. Methods：The inhibiting effect of Bacillus subtilis on blue mold of apple was tested by different treatments and concentrations of antagonist,as well as in combination with calcium. Results：The concentrations of antagonist obviously influenced disease incidence and lesion development in apple fruits. B.subtilis effectiveness improved when higher spore densities were applied. When the antagonist spore suspension reached the concentration of 10^9 CFU/mL,there was no infection caused by Penicillium expansum with spore concentration 10^4 CFU/mL in apple fruits. The antagonist at concentrations of 10^8-10^9 CFU/mL in combination with calcium（2%）provided control of decay caused by P. expansum better than separate application. Effects of different treatment’s antagonist on pathogen spore germination were consistent with results from in vivo studies. Conclusion：The action of the antagonist Bacillus subtilis QDH-1-1 may be competition with the pathogen for nutrients and space.

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 钙 苹果 青霉病 采后病害 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]