影响青少年钙代谢因素的研究  

Study on factors of calcium metabolism in Chinese adolescents

作　　者：尹婧[1] 张倩[1] 刘爱玲[1] 潘慧[1] 崔朝辉[1] 金瑛[1] 胡小琪[1] 马冠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国骨质疏松杂志》2007年第10期716-719,711,共5页Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30471453)

摘　　要：目的通过代谢平衡实验探讨青少年的钙代谢特点及其影响因素,为制定钙膳食参考摄入量提供参考。方法从320名参加1年补钙实验的4组12～17岁的少年中,每组随机抽取男、女生各10人,共80人。用代谢平衡实验收集研究对象试验期内摄入的食物、排出的粪便和尿液样品,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定其钙含量。用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性检测研究对象维生素D受体基因BsmⅠ和FokⅠ、雌激素受体基因PvuⅡ和XbaⅠ多态性。结果性别、钙摄入量、青春发育水平是主要影响青春期少年钙吸收的因素(R2=0.508)。男生和女生的钙摄入量差异无显著性,男生的钙表观吸收率和钙储留量(68.7%、479.7mg.d-1)显著高于女生(46.4%、203.7mg.d-1)。男生出现首次遗精后1年内,钙表观吸收率快速上升,1年后钙表观吸收率逐渐下降;女生出现月经初潮后2年内,钙表观吸收率快速下降,2年后趋于稳定。青春期少年钙储留量主要受性别、钙摄入量和年龄的影响(R2=0.745)。随着年龄的增长,钙储留量下降。维生素D受体基因和雌激素受体基因多态性对青春期少年的钙代谢没有显著影响。结论性别、钙摄入量、年龄和青春期发育水平是青少年钙代谢的重要影响因素,在制定青春期少年膳食钙DRIs时,需要考虑这些因素对青少年钙代谢的影响。Objective To study the characteristics and influencing factors of calcium metabolism, provide information for the development of calcium dietary reference intakes （DRIs） for Chinese adolescents. Methods A total of 80 students were selected randomly from 320 subjects who had calcium supplementation for one year. 10 boys and 10 girls were randomly selected from each calcium supplement group to attend 10 day metabolic balance study. Samples of foods, feces and urine were collected. Calcium in samples was measured with Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES）. Polymorphisms of Vitamin D receptor（VDR） gene Fok Ⅰ and Bsm Ⅰ , Estrogen receptor （ER） gene Xba Ⅰ and Pvu Ⅱ were measured with Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP）. Results Sex, calcium intake and pubertal development were main influencing factors for calcium absorption（ R^2 = 0.508）. There were significant difference between boys （68.7% , 479.7 mg·d^-1 ） and girls （46.4% , 203.7 mg·d^-1 ） on calcium absorption and retention, but not on calcium intake. Sex, calcium intake and age were the most important factors for calcium retention（ R^2 = 0.745 ）. Calcium retention decreased with the increase of age. The polymorphisms of VDR gene and ER gene did not play a role in it. Conclusion Sex, calcium intake, age and pubertal stage were main influencing factors for calcium metabolism. These factors should be considered for the development of calcium DRIs for Chinese adolescents.

关 键 词：钙 代谢 吸收率 青春期 参考摄入量 

分 类 号：R681[医药卫生—骨科学]