风鹅加工过程中挥发性风味成分的变化  

Changes of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Dry-Cured Goose During Processing

作　　者：徐为民[1] 徐幸莲[1] 周光宏[1] 匡一峰[1] 王道营[1] 吴海虹[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学食品科技学院/农业部农畜产品加工与质量控制重点实验室,南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2007年第10期2309-2315,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"项目(2002AA248031);江苏省"十五"攻关项目(BE2002301);江苏省社会发展项目(BS2002030)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨风鹅加工过程中挥发性风味成分的变化规律,为传统风鹅的工业化改造提供理论依据。【方法】运用固相微萃取与气质联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS),对加工过程中各工艺点风鹅肌肉中挥发性风味物质进行测定,分析研究了风鹅加工各阶段挥发性风味物质的成分、种类、相对含量和绝对含量的变化。【结果】在原料和腌制的鹅肉中分别检测到43和63种风味化合物;在风干1d、2d和3d的鹅肉中分别检测到50、61和62种风味化合物。这些成分可归类为:酯类、醛类、酮类、醚类、醇类、羧酸类、烯烃、烷烃、芳香族、杂环类化合物。在风鹅成品的风味成分中,烯烃类、酮类、醛类和芳香族化合物分别占化合物总数的39.67%、14.20%、12.12%和8.27%。【结论】风鹅加工过程中风味物质的总峰面积大幅增长,风干3d达到原料肉3倍以上,尤其是烯烃、醛、酮、芳香族等化合物最为显著,这类物质对形成风鹅特有的风味起了重大作用。[ Objective ] The objective of this study is to discuss the changing rules of volatile flavor compounds in dry-cured goose during processing and provide scientific basis for industrialized alteration of traditional dry-cured goose. [ Method ]Headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatgraphy-mass spectrometry （HS-SPME-GC-MS） were used to identify the kinds and amounts of volatile flavor compounds at different stages of dry cured goose during processing. [ Result ] Analysis of flavor compounds showed that, there were 43 compounds in material goose, 63 in dry-cured goose, 50 in l-day drying, 61 in 2-day drying and 62 in 3-day drying. The flavor compounds were clustered in the following chemical families： esters, aldehydes, ketones, aethers, alcohols, carboxylic acids, category, alkyl, aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds. In the flavor substances of the final product of dry-cured goose, the contents of category, ketones, aldehydes and aromatic hydrocarbons compounds were 39.67%, 14.20%, 12.12% and 8.27% of all, respectively. [ Conclusion ] The total area of the flavor compounds in dry-cured goose, especially in category, aldehydes, ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons compounds increased dramatically during the processing and was 3 times more than that in raw material after 3 days of drying. All these compounds could play important roles for the specific flavor of dry-cured goose.

关 键 词：风鹅 固相微萃取与气质联用 挥发性风味成分 

分 类 号：TS251[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]