壳聚糖复合生物防腐剂的抑菌效果研究  

Study on Antimicrobial Effect of Biological Preservative Based on Chitosan

作　　者：吴慧清[1] 吴清平[1] 石立三[1] 张菊梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省微生物研究所广东省菌种保藏与应用重点实验室,广东广州510070

出　　处：《食品科学》2007年第10期112-117,共6页Food Science

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2007B011000006)

摘　　要：本实验研究了以壳聚糖及其金属锌螯合物为主复配的五个生物防腐剂配方以及配方中的主要组分在不同pH条件下的抑菌效果。研究选定的五种指示菌是大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)8099、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)ATCC6538、枯草杆菌黑色变种(Bacillus subtilis)ATCC9372、白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)ATCC10231和黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger ATCC16404),采用平板培养计数法检测了从加入不同种类的菌悬液至含抑菌剂和培养基的试管中培养0、4、24、48、72和96h的活菌残留数,以活菌残留数的对数值随时间变化的趋势表示抑菌效果。结果表明:配方A、B、D、E在p H6.0以下可以抑制五种指示菌。配方A～E和单组份壳聚糖金属锌螯合物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽胞杆菌的抑制效果好,而对羟基苯甲酸乙酯主要对枯草芽胞杆菌和黑曲霉的抑制较好,对其余三种菌的抑制效果较差,所有配方对白色念珠菌的抑菌效果较其它四种指示菌的抑制效果差,这是由于实验的起始菌悬液浓度较高造成的,同一配方在起始菌悬液浓度和作用pH值均低的情况下抑菌效果好。The antimicrobial effect of five compositions and two components of the compositions against five kinds of indicated microorganisms were studied according to the sanitizing technique criterion under pH5.0 and pH6.0. The indicated microorganisms were Escherichia coli 8099, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, Bacillus subtilis ATCC9372, Candida albicans ATCC10231 and Aspergillus niger ATCC16404 respectively. This seven compositions included five compositions base on chitosan and chitosan- Zn complex, the sole chitosan-Zn complex and ethyl p-Hydroxybenzoate （NJ）.The remained live cell numbers were counted by plate counting number method. A series of rudimental microorganism numbers were gained after culture at 0, 4, 24, 48, 72 h and 96 h in the tubes. The logarithm curves of plate count numbers changed with cultured time represented the disinfecting effect of the compositions against the five kinds of indicated microorganisms. The results indicated that the composition A, B, D and E could effectively inhibit the five kinds of indicated microorganisms under pH 6.0, the composition A, B, C, D, E and the sole chitosan-Zn complex had higher inhibition to Escherichia coli 8099 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 than to the other three kinds of microorganisms, and the antimicrobial effect of NJ was more efficient to Aspergillus niger ATCC16404 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC9372. However, the antimicrobial effect of all the seven compositions was not efficient to Candida albicans ATCC10231 when compared with that of the other four microorganisms, the reason was relative with the high control number of microorgan- isms in the tube, the inhibition of the same composition was more efficient under the low pH and lesser control microorganism number in the tube.

关 键 词：壳聚糖 壳聚糖锌衍生物 生物防腐剂配方 抑菌效果评价 

分 类 号：Q539.3[生物学—生物化学]