菠萝蜜乙醇提取物对小菜蛾的控制效果及其活性成分初步分析  

Control Effects of Alcohol Extract of Artocarpus heteropyhllus on the Population of Diamondback Moth and Preliminary Analysis of the Active Chemical Compositions

作　　者：覃伟权[1] 彭正强[2] 张茂新[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所,海南文昌571339 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南儋州571737 [3]华南农业大学资环学院昆虫生态研究室,广州510642

出　　处：《园艺学报》2007年第6期1387-1394,共8页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(39930120)

摘　　要：测定菠萝蜜乙醇提取物不同施用浓度(A)和不同施用次数(B)处理对小菜蛾自然种群的干扰作用控制指数IIPC(Y),并用二次多项式逐步回归,得到回归方程Y=0.4628-10.6164A-0.0212B+117.1290A2-0.7762AB(F=4999.8125)。运用方程Y拟合得出菠萝蜜乙醇提取物6种施用浓度和3种施用次数处理组合对小菜蛾自然种群的干扰作用控制指数IIPC,其中0.05g.mL-1×3次组合干扰控制作用效果最好,干扰作用控制指数为0.0448;其次是0.04g.mL-1×3次组合,干扰作用控制指数为0.0688。用5种不同极性的有机溶剂洗提分离菠萝蜜乙醇提取物,获得5种洗提分离物。生物活性测定表明,乙酸乙酯洗提分离物对小菜蛾的产卵驱避率和拒食率最高,产卵驱避率为59.16%,拒食率为57.34%。对乙酸乙酯洗提分离物进一步进行硅胶柱层析分离,获得20种柱层析分离物,经过对其进行生物测定,分离物L1、L13、L18和L19对小菜蛾幼虫拒食作用最明显,拒食率分别为85.71%、73.33%、78.57%和88.87%。In the field, the uniform design was used to test the index of interference of population control （IIPC） of alcohol extract of Artocarpus heteropyhllus against the natural population of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella （ L. ） by different concentrations and span of times. Through assaying and returning of quadratic equation, a model depicting the correlation between IIPC and two factors （ A and B） using uniform design was obtained. The model equation is Y = 0. 4628 - 10. 6164A -0. 0212B ＋ 117. 1290A2 -0. 7762AB （Y - IIPC, A - concentration, B - times）. Actually, this model equation was used to check IIPC under the natural condition, the result showed that the composition of 0. 05 g·mL^-1× 3 times gave the best effect of influencing, IIPC was 0. 0448, followed by the composition of 0. 04 g ·mL^-1×3 times, and IIPC was 0. 0688. The alcohol extracts of Artocarpus heterophyllus was isolated by immersing five kinds of organic solvates, and the corre- sponding extracts have been separated out. The extracts of first isolating were surveyed about the bioassay. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract of the alcohol extracts of A. heterophyllus had marked effect of oviposition deterrent and antifeedant on diamondback moth, and their rates were 59. 16% and 57.34%, respectively. Twenty fractions were obtained using silica gel column from the ethyl acetate extract of the alcohol extracts of A. heterophyllus. By the bioassay, the fractions of L1 , L13, L18, and L19 showed strong antifeeding effect, their antifeeding rates were 85.71%, 73.33%, 78.57%, 88.87%, respectively.

关 键 词：菠萝蜜 乙醇提取物 菜薹 小菜蛾 种群控制 生命表 活性成分分离 

分 类 号：S667.8[农业科学—果树学] S634.5[农业科学—园艺学]