湖北渔塘坝硒矿区发现超富集硒植物  

A NEW SPECIES OF SELENIUM HYPERACCUMULATOR IDENTIFIED IN YUTANGBA SE DEPOSIT AREA

作　　者：邵树勋[1] 郑宝山[2] 苏宏灿 罗充[4] 李晓燕[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学国家重点实验室 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [3]湖北省恩施州妇幼保健医院,湖北恩施445000 [4]贵州师范大学,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《矿物学报》2007年第3期567-570,共4页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:40473048)

摘　　要：通过野外调查在渔塘坝硒矿区首次发现了一种新的硒超富集植物-遏蓝菜（Thlaspi arvense L．）。调查结果发现，在自然生长条件下，一年生遏蓝菜叶子中富集硒可高达1427mg／kg，生物富集硒系数可高达68，地上部硒含量最低也超过了500mg／kg，生物富集硒系数最低也超过了10，表现为叶〉根〉叶柄的硒富集特征。多年生遏蓝菜叶、茎和根的硒含量分别为104～163；231～346；444～459mg／奴，生物富集硒系数为2．6～12．4，均大于1，显示出根〉茎〉叶的硒富集特征。尽管多年生遏蓝菜远没有一年生遏蓝菜的硒含量高，但远比一般植物硒含量高，达到了次生硒蓄积植物富集硒的水平，显示遏蓝菜植物可以超富集硒。渔塘坝遏蓝菜的发现将为研究硒在植物中的吸收、转化、富集机理以及提取有效抗癌有机硒化物和修复硒污染生态环境提供新的材料。Through field survey, we discovered a new species of selenium （Se） hyperaccumulator-Thlaspi arvense L. in China for the first time. Our survey found that leaf of the annual Thlaspi arvense L. growing in Enshi, southwest Hubei, China, accumulates Se up to 1427 mg/kg with biomass enrichment coefficient （BFS） of Thlaspi arvense L. vs soil was from 10 to 68, with minimum concentration in frond of more than 500 mg/kg, The enrichment order of Se is leaf 〉 root 〉 leafstalk. For perennial Thlaspi arvense L., the concentrations of Se in leaf, stalk and root were 104 - 163 mg/kg;231 - 346 mg/kg;444- 459 mg/kg, respectively, with BFS values from 2.6 to 12.4, showing Se enriching order of root〉 leaf〉 leafstalk. The results indicate that Thlaspi anense L. identified in Enshi is Se hyperaccumulator found in China for the first time and a new species of plants hyperaccumulating Se in the world. This finding possess significance for understanding Se biochemistry in plants, developing anticarcinogenic Se compound for improved public health and the phytoremediation of Se- contaminated soil and water.

关 键 词：超富集植物 SE 遏蓝菜(Thlaspi anvense L.) 湖北恩施 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X173